Energy Analysis of Lateral vs. Normal Vibration Modes for Ultrasonic Surface Haptic Devices

Abstract

In this paper, we propose a new device in order to produce normal and lateral ultrasonic vibrations in a plate, using an array of piezoelectric ceramics. This setup serves to continue the comparative analysis between the two vibration modes for tactile feedback rendering, by including an energetic characterization. With the help of a tribological analysis, this study will help to examine the energy performance of each vibration mode in terms of active power consumption against friction contrast (which is linked to perception). Using a simplified second order plate model, the energetic results are analyzed. The results show a better energy efficiency for the lateral vibration for low exploration speeds. The tribological analysis helps as well to evaluate the effect of frequency increase in terms of friction reduction vs. vibration amplitude for both vibration modes.

Mechanisms of Friction Reduction in Longitudinal Ultrasonic Surface Haptic Devices With Non-Collinear Vibrations and Finger Displacement

“…3 show the friction reduction at a number of velocities in the x and y directions for a given vibration amplitude. It is important to note that, while the friction reduction produced by the ultrasonic longitudinal vibration seems relatively small in comparison to the reduction observed at high velocities, even without vibration, a comparison with classic ultrasonic devices (which use out-ofplane modes) [21] shows that longitudinal modes have the potential to be more energy efficient in terms of the active power required to produce a given friction contrast, and thus a desired sensation.…”