Endurance run increases circulating IL-6 and IL-1ra but downregulates ex vivo TNF-alpha and IL-1 beta production

Drenth, Joost P.H.; Uum, Stan H. M. Van; Deuren, Marcel van; Pesman, G. J.; Ven-Jongekrijg, J. van der; Meer, J.W.M. van der

doi:10.1152/jappl.1995.79.5.1497

Cited by 249 publications

(201 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…A very low-CHO diet implies a very high-fat dietary content, which has been shown detrimental to immune function. We expected to find an increase in IL-6 from baseline following exercise in both dietary conditions, as previously reported in measurements taken after light, moderate and hard intensity exercise performed for short-and long-periods of time [2,7,12,22,27,34,40,51]. In our study, IL-6 increased significantly from baseline immediately following the duathlon regardless of the diet, and remained elevated 1-and 2-h following exercise.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Acute hepatic response to diet modification and exercise-induced endotoxemia during a laboratory-based duathlon

Moncada-Jiménez¹,

Plaisance²,

Ramírez³

et al. 2010

Biol Sport

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Acute hepatic response to diet modification and exercise-induced endotoxemia during a laboratory-based duathlon

Moncada-Jiménez¹,

Plaisance²,

Ramírez³

et al. 2010

Biol Sport

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“…Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from five healthy individuals were isolated as described elsewhere (8). Briefly, venous blood was drawn into 10-ml tubes containing 0.2 mg of EDTA (Monoject'sHertogenbosch, The Netherlands).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drosomycin-Like Defensin, a Human Homologue ofDrosophila melanogasterDrosomycin with Antifungal Activity

Simon

Kullberg²,

Tripet

et al. 2008

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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Innate antifungal defense in Drosophila melanogaster relies on the activation of the Toll molecule and the release of drosomycin, a defensin-like molecule with antifungal properties. Ten human homologues of Toll have been described, with central roles in activation of the innate host defense. In the present study, we report a putative human homologue of the Drosophila-derived drosomycin, designated drosomycin-like defensin (DLD). Synthetic DLD displays a broad spectrum of activity against Aspergillus spp. and other clinically relevant filamentous fungi. These effects are specific for filamentous fungi; no activity has been found against yeasts or gram-positive or gram-negative bacteria. Synthetic DLD also displays immunomodulatory effects on Aspergillus-stimulated cytokine production. In addition, we show the expression of DLD mRNA in several human tissues, particularly in the skin, consistent with its putative role as a defensin against invading microorganisms. This is the first indication of an endogenous human peptide with specific antifungal activity, which is probably central in the defense against infections with molds.Drosophila melanogaster, like other insects, relies on both cellular and humoral mechanisms to mount its antimicrobial host defense. The mainstay of its humoral defense is the injuryinduced secretion of an array of antimicrobial peptides by the fat body, the functional equivalent of the liver (9, 10). To date, seven distinct families of antimicrobial peptides from immunechallenged Drosophila flies have been characterized, each with a specific spectrum of activity. Among these peptides, drosomycin is highly active against filamentous fungi, protecting Drosophila from infections by Aspergillus fumigatus, whereas no activity against gram-positive or gram-negative bacteria has been found (9). The release of drosomycin is under the control of signals mediated by Toll, a transmembrane receptor activated by a cytokine-like protein, Spaetzle (16).Comparison of the Toll complex with that of mammalian innate defense mechanisms has revealed that the intracellular tail of Toll shows a striking homology with the intracellular domain of interleukin-1 receptor type I (IL-1RI), later designated the Toll/IL-1R (TIR) domain (23). Moreover, the intracellular signaling pathway induced by Drosophila Toll is highly similar to the intracellular pathways activated by IL-1RI (12). Eleven different Toll-like receptors (TLRs) have been identified in mammals and have been demonstrated to be crucial for the recognition of pathogenic microorganisms and the activation of the innate immune response in general (24), including antifungal defense (2, 20, 21). Where Toll activation leads to the direct release of drosomycin, engagement of TLRs induces the release of cytokines and ␣-and ␤-defensins (4, 6), but to date no human homologue of drosomycin has been reported.In the present study, we report a putative human peptide with high homology with drosomycin, and we demonstrate potent antifungal properties for this peptide, desi...

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“…In each run, a reference preparation was run to check for interassay variability and to monitor overall performance (41,42). IL-1 total protein levels were detected using an ELISA as previously described (43).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased expression of Fcγ receptors II and III on macrophages of rheumatoid arthritis patients results in higher production of tumor necrosis factor α and matrix metalloproteinase

Blom¹,

Radstake²,

Holthuysen³

et al. 2003

Arthritis & Rheumatism

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Objective. To evaluate Fc␥ receptor (Fc␥R) expression on synovial macrophages from rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients and to determine whether this expression correlates with the production of the proinflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor ␣ (TNF␣), interleukin-1␤ (IL-1␤), IL-12, and matrix metalloproteinase 1 (MMP-1). We also sought to determine whether mature macrophages from RA patients express aberrant levels of Fc␥RI, Fc␥RII, and Fc␥RIII, and to determine the production of inflammatory mediators after immune complex (IC) stimulation.Methods. Immunohistochemistry was performed on cryostat sections of synovial biopsy specimens obtained from 27 RA patients and 5 controls. Fc␥R I, II, and III were detected, as well as the proinflammatory mediators IL-1, TNF␣, IL-12, and MMP-1. Monocytes were isolated from the blood of 10 RA patients and 10 healthy controls and cultured for 7 days with macrophage colony-stimulating factor to obtain macrophages. Using fluorescence-activated cell sorting, the expression of Fc␥RI, Fc␥RII, and Fc␥RIII was determined. On day 7, macrophages were stimulated with heat-aggregated gamma globulins (HAGGs) for 24 hours. Production of cytokines was measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and production of gelatinases/ collagenases was measured by degradation of fluorescent gelatin.Results. Immunohistochemistry showed higher Fc␥RII and Fc␥RIII expression in RA synovium than in controls. Fc␥RII and Fc␥RIII, but not Fc␥RI, were highly correlated with the number of synovial macrophages. Consistent with this, TNF␣ expression correlated positively with Fc␥RIII expression. Moreover, MMP-1 expression strongly correlated with Fc␥R I, II, and III expression. Mature macrophages from RA patients showed significantly enhanced expression of Fc␥RII and Fc␥RIII compared with controls. Twentyfour hours after stimulation of RA macrophages with HAGGs, significantly higher production of TNF␣ and gelatinase/collagenase was measured.Conclusion. RA synovium and mature RA macrophages express significantly elevated levels of Fc␥RII and Fc␥RIII, resulting in much higher production of TNF␣ and gelatinase/collagenase after IC stimulation. These data suggest that disturbed expression of Fc␥R on mature synovial macrophages is involved in the pathology of RA.

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Endurance run increases circulating IL-6 and IL-1ra but downregulates ex vivo TNF-alpha and IL-1 beta production

Cited by 249 publications

References 24 publications

Acute hepatic response to diet modification and exercise-induced endotoxemia during a laboratory-based duathlon

Acute hepatic response to diet modification and exercise-induced endotoxemia during a laboratory-based duathlon

Drosomycin-Like Defensin, a Human Homologue ofDrosophila melanogasterDrosomycin with Antifungal Activity

Increased expression of Fcγ receptors II and III on macrophages of rheumatoid arthritis patients results in higher production of tumor necrosis factor α and matrix metalloproteinase

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