Endoscopically Guided Balloon Dilatation of Benign Esophageal Strictures in 6 Cats and 7 Dogs

Abstract

Benign esophageal strictures in 6 cats and 7 dogs were treated with endoscopically guided balloon dilatation. Six of 13 had a history of anesthesia within 3 weeks prior to the onset of signs; 8 animals had a single stricture, and 5 had multiple strictures, for a total of 19 strictures. Four of the 19 strictures were in the upper esophagus, 11 were in the middle esophagus, and 4 were in the lower esophagus. The luminal diameters ranged from 1 to 18 mm, with a mean of 5.1 mm. Twelve animals survived the immediate postprocedure period and had a total of 50 dilatation procedures performed; the mean number of procedures per animal was 4.2 (range, 2 to 8). Complications included mild bleeding and tearing (11 of 13), moderate bleeding (1 of 13), and esophageal perforation (1 of 13). The cat with the perforation was subsequently euthanized. Follow-up information was available on the 12 remaining animals; 9 were known to be alive 6 to 59 months (mean, 28.2 months) after dilatation. Two were euthanized, 1 for persistence of signs and the other for unrelated causes. One animal died of possible aspiration pneumonia. Three of 13 animals had complete and 9 had partial resolution of signs. Of the 9 animals with partial resolution, 7 were substantially better with dietary modification, 1 was moderately better, and 1 had minimal improvement. Eleven of 13 animals (85%) had a successful outcome with moderate to complete resolution of signs. Thus, it is concluded that endoscopically guided balloon dilatation is an effective and relatively safe treatment for benign esophageal strictures in dogs and cats.

Acquired esophageal stricture in the dog: a case report

“…As far as the methods of treatment are concerned, endoscopy should be considered in the first place, because it is the least invasive technique with low risk of possible complications, it is the most effective (with the success rate as high as 85% to 88%) (Harai et al, 1995;Leib et al, 2001), as well as it is probably the cheapest one. Not only we are able to make proper corrections according to actual status during therapy, but also more importantly we can see the progress during each visit and make decision, whether or not to go on with balloon dilation, so we can follow dynamics of the disease easily.…”

Treatment of Esophageal Stricture in a dog through dilation via endoscopy

“…As opções de tratamento incluem ressecções cirúrgicas e anastomoses, como também a dilatação mecânica da área estenosada com cateter de polietileno (balão dilatador) através do endoscópio (Haraí et al, 1995). Pode ser utilizado também o cateter de folley, tubos endotraqueais, sondas de mercúrio e velas dilatadoras (Tams, 2005).…”

Dilatação esofágica endoscópica associada ao uso de triancinolona intramural em cadela com estenose de esôfago após ovariohisterectomia eletiva

“…O refl uxo gastroesofágico em animais anestesiados encontra-se entre as causas mais comuns de esofagite (HARAI et al, 1995). Os sinais clínicos associados dependem da localização e do diâmetro da estenose (GUILFORD & STROMBECK, 1996), sendo a regurgitação o mais evidente (SELLON & WILLARD, 2003).…”

“…Embora a estenose esofágica possa ser causada por qualquer lesão grave à mucosa (ADAMAMA-MORAITOU et al, 2002), seja por traumas, agentes químicos, térmicos ou infecciosos (HARAI et al, 1995), observa-se que a maioria dos casos ocorre por complicação de esofagite de refl uxo após anestesia (ADAMAMA-MORAITOU et al, 2002;SELLON & WILLARD, 2003), principalmente em fêmeas submetidas a ovariohisterectomia (OVH) (ADAMAMA-MORAITOU et al, 2002). Esses dados auxiliaram no diagnóstico da enfermidade, já que o animal se enquadrava nessas características.…”

“…Alguns autores descrevem que através do esofagograma é possível detectar estenoses longas e múltiplas (ZAWIE, 1989;WEYRAUCH & WILLARD, 1998;HARAI et al, 1995), fato não observado no caso, sendo o diagnóstico defi nitivo possível somente por meio dos achados endoscópicos, corroborando JOHNSON & SHERDING (1998) e SILVA (2010), que salientam a efi cácia da técnica.…”