Endopolyploidy in seed plants

Barow, Martin

doi:10.1002/bies.20371

Cited by 167 publications

(161 citation statements)

References 90 publications

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“…Ploidy determination by local dot count rather than by relative integral nuclear fluorescence represents important progress. It should allow consideration of endopolyploidy which occurs in many plant species (Barow, 2006), even in highly diffusive tissues such as seeds, cotyledons and nodules.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

In planta quantification of endoreduplication using fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH)

et al. 2011

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SUMMARYEndopolyploidy, i.e. amplification of the genome in the absence of mitosis, occurs in many plant species and happens along with organ and cell differentiation. Deciphering the functional roles of endopolyploidy is hampered by the fact that polyploid tissues generally comprise cells with various ploidy levels. In some fleshy fruits (amongst them tomato fruit) the ploidy levels present at the end of development range from 2C to 256C in the same tissue. To investigate the temporal and spatial distribution of endopolyploidy it is necessary to address the DNA content of individual nuclei in situ. Conventional methods such as fluorometry or densitometry can be used for some tissues displaying favorable characteristics, e.g. small cells, small nuclei, organization in a monolayer, but high levels of varying polyploidy are usually associated with large sizes of nuclei and cells, in a complex three dimensional (3-D) organization of the tissues. The conventional methods are inadequate for such tissue, becoming semi-quantitative and imprecise. We report here the development of a new method based on fluorescent in situ bacterial artificial chromosome hybridizations that allows the in situ determination of the DNA ploidy level of individual nuclei. This method relies on the counting of hybridization signals and not on intensity measurements and is expected to provide an alternative method for mapping endopolyploidy patterns in mature, 3-D organized plant tissues as illustrated by the analysis of ploidy level and cell size in pericarp from mature green tomato fruit.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

In planta quantification of endoreduplication using fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH)

et al. 2011

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“…1A), which encodes a B-type cyclin that is a marker for cell proliferation (Ferreira et al, 1994). MCM and CYCB1;1 mRNAs were most abundant in cultured cells, shoot apices, and flower buds, which contain mitotic and endocycling cells (Galbraith et al, 1991;Barow, 2006). The cell culture was sampled during the exponential stage of growth and, based on CYCB1;1 expression, contained a comparable fraction of replicating cells as the microdissected shoot apical region.…”

Section: Arabidopsis MCM Complex Subunits Are Developmentally Regulatedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic Localization of the DNA Replication Proteins MCM5 and MCM7 in Plants

et al. 2009

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Genome integrity in eukaryotes depends on licensing mechanisms that prevent loading of the minichromosome maintenance complex (MCM2-7) onto replicated DNA during S phase. Although the principle of licensing appears to be conserved across all eukaryotes, the mechanisms that control it vary, and it is not clear how licensing is regulated in plants. In this work, we demonstrate that subunits of the MCM2-7 complex are coordinately expressed during Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) development and are abundant in proliferating and endocycling tissues, indicative of a role in DNA replication. We show that endogenous MCM5 and MCM7 proteins are localized in the nucleus during G1, S, and G2 phases of the cell cycle and are released into the cytoplasmic compartment during mitosis. We also show that MCM5 and MCM7 are topologically constrained on DNA and that the MCM complex is stable under high-salt conditions. Our results are consistent with a conserved replicative helicase function for the MCM complex in plants but not with the idea that plants resemble budding yeast by actively exporting the MCM complex from the nucleus to prevent unauthorized origin licensing and rereplication during S phase. Instead, our data show that, like other higher eukaryotes, the MCM complex in plants remains in the nucleus throughout most of the cell cycle and is only dispersed in mitotic cells.

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“…Endopolyploidy, the existence of polyploid cells in diploid organisms, is a common feature in plants and is believed to serve important biological functions in different cells and tissues (Barow, 2006). Endoreduplication is considered a variant form of the cell of DNA contents as previously reported (Galbraith et al, 1991).…”

Section: Simultaneous Inactivation Of Atrad5a and Atrev3 Accumulates mentioning

confidence: 98%

RAD5a and REV3 function in two alternative pathways of DNA-damage tolerance in Arabidopsis

Wang¹,

Wen²,

Shi³

et al. 2011

DNA Repair

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Endopolyploidy in seed plants

Cited by 167 publications

References 90 publications

In planta quantification of endoreduplication using fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH)

In planta quantification of endoreduplication using fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH)

Dynamic Localization of the DNA Replication Proteins MCM5 and MCM7 in Plants

RAD5a and REV3 function in two alternative pathways of DNA-damage tolerance in Arabidopsis

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