Endolithic microbes of rocks, their community, function and survival strategies

Sajjad, Wasim; Ilahi, Nikhat; Ghimire, Prakriti Sharma; Bahadur, Ali; Zada, Sahib; Iqbal, Awais

doi:10.1016/j.ibiod.2022.105387

Cited by 19 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 187 publications

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“…The order Leptolyngbyales resulted also more abundant on siliceous rock, and this result is consistent with the fact that the SILVA genus YB-42 of this order has been recognized as an indicator cyanobacterium for TC on siliceous rock from our analysis. Previous results, on the other hand, show that the order Leptolyngbyales is also present in sandstone and dolomite [8,12,20,22] and is already known to be composed by rock biofilm-forming bacteria [4] . Therefore, this order may be overall compatible with the rock environment, and possible substrate-specificity may occur at more specific taxonomic levels.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous studies investigating bacterial communities on rocks surface used both molecular and microscopy approaches, and examined both small areas or more extended ones within the same geographic regions [6,12,[20][21][22] . Therefore, some information is now available about bacterial communities of rock with a special focus on Cyanobacteria, while knowledge on TC is missing.…”

Section: Figure 1 Examples Of Contiguous Tc On Limestone (A) and Sili...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Lithic bacterial communities: ecological aspects focusing onTintenstrich communities

Pittino,

Fink,

Oliveira

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Tintenstrich communities (TC) are mainly composed by Cyanobacteria developing on rock substrates and forming physical structures strictly connected to the rock itself. Endolithic and epilithic bacterial communities are important because they contribute to nutrients release within run-off waters flowing on the rock surface. Despite them being ubiquitous, little information about their ecology and main characteristics is available. In this paper, we characterized the bacterial communities of rock surfaces of TC in Switzerland through Illumina sequencing and investigated their bacterial community composition on two substrate types (silicious and limestone rocks) through multivariate models. Our results show that Cyanobacteria and Proteobacteria are the predominant phyla in this environment. Bacterial alpha diversity was higher on limestone than on siliceous rock, and beta diversity of siliceous rock varied with changes in rock surface structure. Here we provide novel insights into the bacterial community composition of TC, their differences from other lithic communities, and the effects of the rock substrate and structure.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Figure 1 Examples Of Contiguous Tc On Limestone (A) and Sili...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Lithic bacterial communities: ecological aspects focusing onTintenstrich communities

Pittino,

Fink,

Oliveira

et al. 2024

Preprint

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“…This further supports our claim that some incidental concrete endoliths are fungi and archaea. Archaea are commonly detected among endoliths in natural rock formations [43] . Bacterial DNA was most commonly amplified among our concrete samples and, for several samples, was the only type of DNA to amplify.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urban endoliths: incidental microbial communities occurring inside concrete

et al. 2023

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<abstract> <p>Concrete is now a prevalent type of synthetic rock, and its production and usage have major environmental implications. Yet, assessments of ordinary concrete have rarely considered that concrete itself is potential habitat for a globally important microbial guild, the endolithic microbes, which live inside rocks and other mineralized substrates. We sought evidence that many common concrete structures harbor endolithic microbial communities and that these communities vary widely depending on the conditions imposed by the concrete. In Summer 2022, we obtained samples from various concrete structures found throughout Lubbock, Texas, USA and subjected the internal (non-surface) portions of each sample to controlled microbial life detection tests including culture tests, DNA quantifications, DNA amplification tests, and ATP assays. The great preponderance of positive life detection results from our concrete samples suggests that most modern concrete hosts cryptic endolith communities composed of bacteria, sometimes co-occurring with fungi and/or archaea. Moreover, many of these microbes are viable, culturable, and identifiable via genetic analysis. Endolith signatures varied widely across concrete samples; some samples only yielded trace evidence of possibly dormant microbes while other samples contained much more microbial biomass and diversity, on par with some low-biomass soils. Pre-cast masonry units and fragments of poured concrete found underwater generally had the most endolith signatures, suggesting that concrete forms and environmental positioning affect endolithy. Endolith biosignatures were generally greater in less dense and less alkaline concrete samples. So, concrete endolith communities may be as ubiquitous and diverse as the concrete structures they inhabit. We propose further research of concrete endoliths to help clarify the role of modern concrete in our rapidly urbanizing biosphere.</p> </abstract>

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“…Gamma‐proteobacteria (45%) is the most dominant group of bacteria investigated in caves, followed by Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, and Actinobacteria (Cacchio et al, 2003; Chu et al, 2012; Helmi et al, 2016; Khan et al, 2021; Porter, 1971). Constitutive production of carbonic anhydrase, urease and secretion of EPS are common features of many species of soil and rocks bacteria (Moya et al, 2008; Burbank et al, 2011; Ercole et al, 2012; Almajed et al, 2018; Sajjad et al, 2022).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calcium carbonate precipitation by cave bacteria isolated from Kashmir Cave, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

Jan

Zada

Rafiq

et al. 2022

Microscopy Res & Technique

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The participation of numerous physicochemical and biological functions maintains the evolution and expansion of the remarkable nature. Due to its vast applicability in several engineering disciplines, naturally occurring bio-mineralization or microbially induced calcium carbonate (MICP) precipitation is attracting more interest. Cave bacteria contribute to the precipitation of calcium carbonate (CaCO 3 ). In the present study, soil sediments were collected from Kashmir cave, KPK, Pakistan, and plated on B4 specific nutrients limited medium for bacterial isolation and the viable bacterial count was calculated. Three bacterial strains named were capable of precipitating CaCO 3 . These bacterial isolates were identified through 16S rRNA gene sequencing and strain GSN-11 was identified as Bacillus toyonensis, TFSN-14 as Paracoccus limosus and TFSN-15 as Brevundimonas diminuta. Enhanced CaCO 3 precipitation potential of these bacteria strains was observed at 25 C and pH 5. The precipitated CaCO 3 was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray powder diffraction, and Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy. The findings showed that the precipitates were dominated by calcite, aragonite, and nanosize vaterite. Current research suggests that precipitation of CaCO 3 by proteolytic cave bacteria is widespread in Kashmir cave and these bacterial communities can actively contribute to the formation of CaCO 3 by enhancing the pH of the microenvironment. Research Highlights• Kashmir cave inhabit potentially active bacteria in terms of biogeochemical processes.• Cave bacteria significantly precipitated CaCO 3 .• Calcite, aragonite, and nanosize vaterite were dominant in precipitates.

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Endolithic microbes of rocks, their community, function and survival strategies

Cited by 19 publications

References 187 publications

Lithic bacterial communities: ecological aspects focusing onTintenstrich communities

Lithic bacterial communities: ecological aspects focusing onTintenstrich communities

Urban endoliths: incidental microbial communities occurring inside concrete

Calcium carbonate precipitation by cave bacteria isolated from Kashmir Cave, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

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