Endogenous Endophthalmitis Due to<i>Salmonella choleraesuis</i>in an HIV-positive Patient

Yodprom, Rapeeporn; Pathanapitoon, Kessara; Kunavisarut, Paradee; Ausayakhun, Somsanguan; Wattananikorn, Sopa; Rothová, Aniki

doi:10.1080/09273940701244228

Cited by 13 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The case described by Appel et al 12 was a oneyearold female child who presented with septicemia along with ocular involvement. In the case described by Yodprom et al, 15 a 54yearold HIVpositive male having no sys temic complaint developed nonpainful panuveitis in the affected eye accompanied by high intraocular pressure. In the case described by Arora et al, 16 a 32yearold male developed bilateral proptosis and inflammation in the setting of an acute typhoid fever of four days.…”

Section: Clinical Presentationsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Systemic risk factors were reported in three cases: one having chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) on chemo therapy, 11 one was HIV positive, 15 and one had rheuma toid arthritis 13 in which the author ascribed infection due to use of snake powder as a seasoning for food. Systemic risk factors were noted to be absent in five cases.…”

Section: Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These include Salmonella enteritidis, Salmonella typhimurium, [10][11][12] Salmonella arizonae, 13 Salmonella london (Group E), 14 and Salmonella choleraesuis. 15 The first case report of bilateral endogenous endophthal mitis due to Salmonella typhi was in the setting of acute typhoid fever. 16 In our case, the causative organism was Salmonella typhi but in the setting of a delayed onset two months after an episode of typhoid fever.…”

Section: Causative Organismmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The patient improved after 26 days of this treatment. Salmonella endophthalmitis in the HIVpositive patient 15 was treated with intravenous ceftriaxone (2 gm per day) for 14 days followed by oral ciprofloxacin (400 mg per day) for four weeks. In the S. typhi case with acute typhoid, 16 broadspectrum intra venous antibiotics were initially administered (ceftriax one 2 g and gentamycin 80 mg twice daily) along with supportive therapy for three weeks, followed by oral ciprofloxacin 500 mg twice daily for one week.…”

Section: Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Review of Endogenous Endophthalmitis Caused bySalmonellaSpecies Including Delayed OnsetSalmonella TyphiEndophthalmitis

Sinha¹,

Jalali²,

Nalamada

2012

Seminars in Ophthalmology

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Endogenous endophthalmitis is a rare but serious condition that occurs when bacteria cross the blood-ocular barrier and multiply within the eye. We provide a literature review of Salmonella endogenous endophthalmitis by reviewing eight reported cases and integrating this with our experience of one case in which a four-year-old child presented with acute endophthalmitis of four days duration. He had suffered typhoid fever two months back. Vitreous biopsy revealed Salmonella typhi. Despite aggressive surgical and medical treatment, the eye developed retinal necrosis, detachment, and phthisis. Blood, aqueous, and vitreous cultures were the most frequent means of establishing the diagnosis in the reported cases. The visual outcome in most cases of endogenous Salmonella endophthalmitis is blindness in the affected eye, which has not improved since its first report in 1979. Endogenous endophthalmitis due to Salmonella typhi should be incorporated into standard literature on complications of acute and relapse phases of typhoid fever.

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Section: Clinical Presentationsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Causative Organismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Review of Endogenous Endophthalmitis Caused bySalmonellaSpecies Including Delayed OnsetSalmonella TyphiEndophthalmitis

Sinha¹,

Jalali²,

Nalamada

2012

Seminars in Ophthalmology

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“…It is associated with underlying immunosuppressive conditions, including diabetes mellitus, HIV infection, indwelling catheters, cardiac disease, renal insufficiency, malignancy, or immunosuppressive therapy (1)(2)(3)(4)(5). Moreover, EBE is a rare but potential complication of neonatal sepsis (6).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Klebsiella pneumoniae Induces an Inflammatory Response in an In Vitro Model of Blood-Retinal Barrier

et al. 2014

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c Klebsiella pneumoniae has become an important pathogen in recent years. Although most cases of K. pneumoniae endogenous endophthalmitis occur via hematogenous spread, it is not yet clear which microbial and host factors are responsible for the ability of K. pneumoniae to cross the blood-retinal barrier (BRB). In the present study, we show that in an in vitro model of BRB based on coculturing primary bovine retinal endothelial cells (BREC) and primary bovine retinal pericytes (BRPC), K. pneumoniae infection determines changes of transendothelial electrical resistance (TEER) and permeability to sodium fluorescein. In the coculture model, bacteria are able to stimulate the enzyme activities of endothelial cytosolic and Ca 2؉ -independent phospholipase A 2 s (cPLA 2 and iPLA 2 ). These results were confirmed by the incremental expression of cPLA 2 , iPLA 2 , cyclo-oxygenase-1 (COX1), and COX2 in BREC, as well as by cPLA 2 phosphorylation. In supernatants of K. pneumoniae-stimulated cocultures, increases in prostaglandin E 2 (PGE 2 ), interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-8, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) production were found. Incubation with K. pneumoniae in the presence of arachidonoyl trifluoromethyl ketone (AACOCF 3 ) or bromoenol lactone (BEL) caused decreased PGE 2 and VEGF release. Scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy images of BREC and BRPC showed adhesion of K. pneumoniae to the cells, but no invasion occurred. K. pneumoniae infection also produced reductions in pericyte numbers; transfection of BREC cocultured with BRPC and of human retinal endothelial cells (HREC) cocultured with human retinal pericytes (HRPC) with small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) targeted to cPLA 2 and iPLA 2 restored the pericyte numbers and the TEER and permeability values. Our results show the proinflammatory effect of K. pneumoniae on BREC, suggest a possible mechanism by which BREC and BRPC react to the K. pneumoniae infection, and may provide physicians and patients with new ways of fighting blinding diseases.

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Endogenous Endophthalmitis Caused by Salmonella Serotype B in an Immunocompetent 12-Year-Old Child

2012

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clearly defined and thus easier to detect. Clearly laser has its deficiencies, but we are concerned that the dramatic early effects of bevacizumab may lead to an underappreciation of its own limitations. We believe treatment success can be considered final not after the early response but only after there is complete retinal vascularization. This case and others that will likely follow should allow a more complete and balanced perspective. In our experience, laser after bevacizumab treatment seems to reduce severe complications, but further study is required to evaluate combined treatment.This case serves as a warning to clinicians that extensive, long-term, careful follow-up and prompt subsequent intervention are needed in infants treated with intravitreous bevacizumab.

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Endogenous Endophthalmitis Due toSalmonella choleraesuisin an HIV-positive Patient

Abstract: Endogenous endophthalmitis with the non-typhoidal Salmonellae can occur in the absence of systemic symptoms in an immunocompromised host.

Cited by 13 publications

References 4 publications

Review of Endogenous Endophthalmitis Caused bySalmonellaSpecies Including Delayed OnsetSalmonella TyphiEndophthalmitis

Review of Endogenous Endophthalmitis Caused bySalmonellaSpecies Including Delayed OnsetSalmonella TyphiEndophthalmitis

Klebsiella pneumoniae Induces an Inflammatory Response in an In Vitro Model of Blood-Retinal Barrier

Endogenous Endophthalmitis Caused by Salmonella Serotype B in an Immunocompetent 12-Year-Old Child

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