Endogenous dissemination of genital Herpesvirus hominis type 2 to the eye.

Sumers, Karen D.; Sugar, Joel; Levine, Robert

doi:10.1136/bjo.64.10.770

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 17 publications

(5 reference statements)

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“…In vivo studies of autoinoculation from one site to another with the patient's own strain of HSV has been demonstrated to cause new foci of disease and reactivation (24). The spread of genital HSV onto the patient's fingers or eyes or onto mucocutaneous sites adjacent to primary genital regions late in the disease course suggests that autoinoculation is a common occurrence (7,14,33). It is unclear why this rate of transmission would be showing such a dramatic increase with time, unless it was concluded that personal hygiene and hand washing practices have changed significantly.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Six-Year Study of the Incidence of Herpes in Genital and Nongenital Cultures in a Central Kentucky Medical Center Patient Population

Ribes¹,

Steele²,

Seabolt

et al. 2001

J Clin Microbiol

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Herpes infections are among the most common sexually transmitted diseases and are the most common cause of genital ulcer disease in the United States. This study addresses the changing distribution of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and HSV-2 in patients presenting for evaluation of herpetic infections. Viral culture results from the University of Kentucky Clinical Microbiology Laboratory were reviewed for a 6-year period (1994 through 1999). Data were collected on patient sex, site of culture, and culture result. These data were analyzed statistically to identify yearly trends. Of the 4,498 cultures analyzed, nearly equal proportions of HSV-1 (13.3%) and HSV-2 (12.0%) were detected for an overall culture positivity rate of 25.3%. Approximately two-thirds of all positive cultures were from women. Although HSV-2 remained the predominant type of genital herpes, over the 6-year span of this study, there was a trend toward increasing proportions of HSV-1 genitalis, with 31.8% of male patients and 44.8% of female patients demonstrating HSV-1 genitalis by 1999. The majority of patients with HSV in nongenital sites grew HSV-1. Although there was significant yearly variation, HSV-2 was isolated from only 9.4% of patients with nongenital HSV for the entire 6-year period. This study therefore concludes that HSV-2 remains primarily a genital pathogen, while HSV-1 is taking on an increasingly important role in causing genital ulcer disease in addition to being the primary nongenital HSV.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Six-Year Study of the Incidence of Herpes in Genital and Nongenital Cultures in a Central Kentucky Medical Center Patient Population

Ribes¹,

Steele²,

Seabolt

et al. 2001

J Clin Microbiol

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“…On the other hand, in adults the virus may be transmitted endogenously from the genital lesion. Some interesting clinical reports suggested hematogenous spread of HSV-2 in healthy adults (Sumers et al 1980).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antiviral activity of a D‐glucosamine derivative against herpetic ulcers (HSV type 2) in rabbit cornea

Martin

Vilas

Prieto

et al. 1989

Acta Ophthalmologica

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Although most herpetic ocular infections in adults are caused by herpesvirus hominis type 1, several cases of culture proved HSV‐2 ocular infection in adults have been described, with more severe and prolonged disease. In a screening for new antiherpetic compounds, we investigated the efficacy in vivo of a new compound, nitroderivative of D‐glucosaminhydrochloride (GN‐11) in comparison with D‐glucosaminhydrochloride (GN), Acyclovir (ACV) and placebo against herpetic keratitis of herpes simplex type 2 in 4times4 eyes from 4times4 rabbits, respectively. ACV and GN‐11 showed similar results. The treatment with GN‐11 retarded the appearance of herpetic lesions, which were small and diffuse in comparison with the placebo group. A total recovery was obtained on the 12th day of the treatment. In the ACV treated group, a minimal number of small lesions appeared, but the eyes recovered normality on the 7th day of treatment. The appearance of acute herpetic keratitis was prevented by GN‐11. Placebo and GN treated groups showed similar evolution, with lost vision and neurological involvement on the 7th day of infection.

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“…Usually, however, a presumptive diagnosis is made on the basis of corneal hypesthesia (18) or opacification (5,26,75) due to a previous herpetic lesion. HHV can also be suspected as the cause if iridocyclitis follows fever (11, 81 ), accompanies cutaneous (28,85) or genital (25,77) lesions, precedes or follows dendritic keratitis (2, 3), is associated with an endothelial plaque (1, 55) or presents as a hemorrhagic iritis (4,7,38,47,48). Anterior uveitis in an eye with other evidence of disease due to HHV should be considered herpetic until another cause is identified (67).…”

Section: Manifestations Of Herpetic Iridocvclitismentioning

confidence: 99%

Herpetic iridocyclitis

1982

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Twenty patients with presumptive herpetic iridocyclitis without active corneal inflammation received either topical idoxuridine 0.5% or acyclovir 3% ointment. The uveitis of all ten patients treated with acyclovir resolved within one to eight weeks. Four of ten patients treated with idoxuridine worsened but subsequently responded to topical prednisolone 0.3%. The pathogenesis of herpetic iridocyclitis is discussed with a literature review.

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Endogenous dissemination of genital Herpesvirus hominis type 2 to the eye.

Cited by 8 publications

References 17 publications

Six-Year Study of the Incidence of Herpes in Genital and Nongenital Cultures in a Central Kentucky Medical Center Patient Population

Six-Year Study of the Incidence of Herpes in Genital and Nongenital Cultures in a Central Kentucky Medical Center Patient Population

Antiviral activity of a D‐glucosamine derivative against herpetic ulcers (HSV type 2) in rabbit cornea

Herpetic iridocyclitis

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