Encontrando-se em casa: uma proposta de atendimento domiciliar para famílias de idosos dependentes

Abstract

OBJETIVO: Este estudo qualitativo teve por objetivo descrever como um sistema familiar reage perante a situação de dependência em um membro idoso, quais recursos utiliza para manter sua estabilidade e a assistência de enfermagem disponibilizada neste contexto. MÉTODOS: Utilizou-se como referencial teórico a abordagem dos sistemas familiares e como método a pesquisa-ação. Os dados foram colhidos de novembro de 2004 a janeiro de 2005, utilizando-se o genograma, o ecomapa e o levantamento de problemas. RESULTADOS: Principais demandas familiares: luto antecipado, sobrecarga do papel de cuidador, falta de conhecimento sobre a doença e desajustamento familiar perante a crise. Principais intervenções: incentivar a narrativa da enfermidade, oferecer sugestões e informações, elogiar as forças familiares e assegurar pronto atendimento. CONCLUSÕES: Com o atendimento à família sob o enfoque sistêmico foi possível propor as intervenções de ajuda para a melhoria da qualidade de vida familiar, de maneira que ela também vislumbrasse suas próprias soluções para o enfrentamento das adversidades.

Percepção do suporte familiar em idosos de baixa renda e fatores associados

“…Dessa forma, registra--se neles uma fragilização e probabilidade de agravos maiores e, em consequência, evidenciando-se como o grupo que, proporcionalmente, consome mais serviços de saúde. 1 Dentro dessa perspectiva em que o idoso representa maior fragilização e risco aumentado de agravos à saúde, a questão da família se constitui em um importante fator a ser analisado. Países em desenvolvimento carecem de uma rede de suporte formal eficiente e a família acaba se tornando a responsável por auxiliá-los em quaisquer necessidades específicas que surjam, seja material ou emocional.…”

Genogram and ecomap: brazilian nursing contributions

“…Papers were identified with "families" of: elderly people; 10,12,24,32 pregnant women with human papillomavirus; 23,27 women with human papillomavirus, in the form of a case study; 11 adults with arterial hypertension and diabetes mellitus; 8 nursing faculty members; 29 children who were victims of violence; 31 children with cancer 2 and chronic kidney failure; [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16] patients with mental disorders; 3,14,28 users registered in the Family Health Program; 19 adults with chronic kidney failure; 13 hospitalized patients; 20 adolescent parents; 7 people living in rural areas 36 and, in one study, to understand the family context in the health-disease process. 25 "Individually", these instruments were used: with mental health service users; 15 with mothers of premature children; 6,21 mothers of pre-adolescents; 17 patients with traumatic spinal cord injury; 18 children in early childhood; 26 children with nephrotic syndrome; 30 stoma patients; 22 elderly people [33][34] and young victims of violence.…”

“…25 "Individually", these instruments were used: with mental health service users; 15 with mothers of premature children; 6,21 mothers of pre-adolescents; 17 patients with traumatic spinal cord injury; 18 children in early childhood; 26 children with nephrotic syndrome; 30 stoma patients; 22 elderly people [33][34] and young victims of violence. 35 With regard to its construction, in seven papers, the genogram and ecomap were elaborated based on an individual interview; 6,[17][18]21,23,33,35 in 17 during group meetings; [2][3][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][19][20][28][29]32,34 and, in three, 22,24,30 both individual and group interviews were used. In seven papers, 7,25-27,31,36-37 the authors did not mention how the instruments were constructed.…”

“…Among the papers selected, in 19, the interviews were held at home, 3,6,8,10,12,[17][18][19]21,24,[26][27][28][29][32][33][34][35][36] in five at the health service 9,13,15,20,23 and, in six, both at home and at the health service. 2,11,16,22,25,30 In four papers, the place where the interviews were held was not mentioned.…”

“…2,11,16,22,25,30 In four papers, the place where the interviews were held was not mentioned. 7,14,31,37 As regards the meetings with the families, in nine papers, 2,6,[9][10][11]20,28,32,36 it was mentioned that the data collection resulted from different meetings with the family; in one paper, a single meeting was sufficient to collect the data; 12 in two, it was reported that, first, a relation had to be established with the family; 19,22 in four, the construction of these instruments started during the initial contact with the family members. [2][3]17,36 The other 18 papers did not mention how these meetings took place.…”