Enantioselective Determination of Polycyclic Musks in River and Wastewater by GC/MS/MS

Lee, Injung; Gopalan, A.

doi:10.3390/ijerph13030349

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…To the best of our knowledge there are only three reports about the occurrence of chiral polycyclic musks (PCMs) in environmental samples as surface waters and WWTPs [139,140]. These substances are fragrances used in personal care products.…”

Section: Polycyclic Musks (Pcms)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Though the ER were not determined for all compounds due to their low resolution, HHCB, AHTN, AHDI and ATII showed non-racemic ER suggesting a enantioselective biodegradation during wastewater treatment [140]. Lee et al reported the occurrence of five PCMs enantiomers in river and WWTPs samples [139]. Isomers cis and trans from HHCB were found and their enantiomeric composition was nearly racemic river and in influent samples.…”

Section: Polycyclic Musks (Pcms)mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Occurrence of Chiral Bioactive Compounds in the Aquatic Environment: A Review

Ribeiro

Maia

et al. 2017

Symmetry

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Abstract:In recent decades, the presence of micropollutants in the environment has been extensively studied due to their high frequency of occurrence, persistence and possible adverse effects to exposed organisms. Concerning chiral micropollutants in the environment, enantiomers are frequently ignored and enantiomeric composition often neglected. However, enantioselective toxicity is well recognized, highlighting the need to include enantioselectivity in environmental risk assessment. Additionally, the information about enantiomeric fraction (EF) is crucial since it gives insights about: (i) environmental fate (i.e., occurrence, distribution, removal processes and (bio)degradation); (ii) illicit discharges; (iii) consumption pattern (e.g., illicit drugs, pharmaceuticals used as recreational drugs, illicit use of pesticides); and (iv) enantioselective toxicological effects. Thus, the purpose of this paper is to provide a comprehensive review about the enantioselective occurrence of chiral bioactive compounds in aquatic environmental matrices. These include pharmaceuticals, illicit drugs, pesticides, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and polycyclic musks (PCMs). Most frequently analytical methods used for separation of enantiomers were liquid chromatography and gas chromatography methodologies using both indirect (enantiomerically pure derivatizing reagents) and direct methods (chiral stationary phases). The occurrence of these chiral micropollutants in the environment is reviewed and future challenges are outlined.

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Section: Polycyclic Musks (Pcms)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Polycyclic Musks (Pcms)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence of Chiral Bioactive Compounds in the Aquatic Environment: A Review

Ribeiro

Maia

et al. 2017

Symmetry

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“…To date, there have been a few literature reports concerning the enantioselective determination of various PCMs, and gas chromatography on a cyclodextrin‐based capillary column has most commonly been applied for such enantioseparations . Berset et al developed a specific method for the enantioseparation of five chiral PCMs and HHCB‐lactone employing an Rt‐BDEXcst capillary gas chromatography (GC) column (BGB Analytik, Anwil, Switzerland), but their results showed a very long chromatographic run time of approximately 370 min and relatively unsatisfactory resolution of the enantiomers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…19 To date, there have been a few literature reports concerning the enantioselective determination of various PCMs, and gas chromatography on a cyclodextrin-based capillary column has most commonly been applied for such enantioseparations. 1,4,16,17,20,21 Berset et al 16 were Soxhlet-extracted with dichloromethane for 72 h, then activated for 12 h at 180 and 250°C, respectively. After deactivation with 3% redistilled water, the silica gel and neutral alumina were kept in n-hexane until use.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enantiomeric analysis of polycyclic musks AHTN and HHCB and HHCB‐lactone in sewage sludge by gas chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry

Gao

Tian

Zeng

et al. 2019

Rapid Comm Mass Spectrometry

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Rationale Enantioselective analysis of chiral compounds is an interesting and challenging technique used to elucidate the degradation/transformation mechanisms of these compounds or understand their environmental processes. In this study, we have developed an effective separation and detection approach for the enantiomeric analysis of AHTN and HHCB, as well as a transformation product of HHCB (HHCB‐lactone), in sludge samples. Methods The analytical method was developed using a cyclodextrin‐based enantioselective gas chromatography column combined with tandem mass spectrometry (GC/MS/MS). The GC oven temperature gradients, the linear velocity of the helium carrier gas, as well as the MS/MS parameters, including quantitative and qualitative ion pairs, dwell times, and collision energies, were optimized to achieve good separation and high sensitivity for all target enantiomers. Results Baseline separations of all target enantiomers were observed. Limits of quantification (LOQs) for all enantiomers ranged from 0.010 to 0.045 μg/L, and calibration linearity for all single enantiomers was higher than 0.99. The intra‐day and inter‐day precisions for all single enantiomers of AHTN, HHCB, and HHCB‐lactone ranged from 0.8 to 3.8% and from 4.2 to 8.3%, respectively. Conclusions The developed method was fully validated through enantioselective analyses of AHTN, HHCB, and HHCB‐lactone in sludge samples collected from 17 WWTPs. The enantiomeric fractions (EFs) of HHCB and HHCB‐lactone in sludge samples distinctly deviated from 0.50, indicating a significant enantioselective transformation of HHCB with preferential degradation of the 4S enantiomers. Significant positive correlations were found between the EF values of cis‐HHCB enantiomers and cis‐HHCB‐lactone enantiomers in the sludge samples, implying that further efforts are still needed to clarify the degradation/transformation mechanism from HHCB to HHCB‐lactone.

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“…Several instrumental methods have been developed for PCM determination, including high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) [ 14 ] and gas chromatography coupled with electron capture detection (GC–ECD), mass spectrometry (GC–MS) [ 15 ], or triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry (GC–MS/MS) [ 16 , 17 ]. GC–MS/MS can provide enhanced selectivity and sensitivity compared with conventional single quadrupole GC–MS, effectively eliminating matrix interferences.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Graphene-Derivatized Silica Composite as Solid-Phase Extraction Sorbent Combined with GC–MS/MS for the Determination of Polycyclic Musks in Aqueous Samples

Chen

Cui

et al. 2018

Molecules

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Polycyclic musks (PCMs) have recently received growing attention as emerging contaminants because of their bioaccumulation and potential ecotoxicological effects. Herein, an effective method for the determination of five PCMs in aqueous samples is presented. Reduced graphene oxide-derivatized silica (rGO@silica) particles were prepared from graphene oxide and aminosilica microparticles and characterized by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. PCMs were preconcentrated using rGO@silica as the solid-phase extraction sorbent and quantified by gas chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. Several experimental parameters, such as eluent, elution volume, sorbent amount, pH, and sample volume were optimized. The correlation coefficient (R) ranged from 0.9958 to 0.9992, while the limits of detection and quantitation for the five PCMs were 0.3–0.8 ng/L and 1.1–2.1 ng/L, respectively. Satisfactory recoveries were obtained for tap water (86.6–105.9%) and river water samples (82.9–107.1%), with relative standard deviations <10% under optimal conditions. The developed method was applied to analyze PCMs in tap and river water samples from Beijing, China. Galaxolide (HHCB) and tonalide (AHTN) were the main PCM components detected in one river water sample at concentrations of 18.7 for HHCB, and 11.7 ng/L for AHTN.

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Enantioselective Determination of Polycyclic Musks in River and Wastewater by GC/MS/MS

Cited by 11 publications

References 23 publications

Occurrence of Chiral Bioactive Compounds in the Aquatic Environment: A Review

Occurrence of Chiral Bioactive Compounds in the Aquatic Environment: A Review

Enantiomeric analysis of polycyclic musks AHTN and HHCB and HHCB‐lactone in sewage sludge by gas chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry

Graphene-Derivatized Silica Composite as Solid-Phase Extraction Sorbent Combined with GC–MS/MS for the Determination of Polycyclic Musks in Aqueous Samples

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