Enantiomers separation by capillary electrochromatography using polysaccharide‐based stationary phases

Abstract

The separation of chiral compounds is an interesting and important topic of research because these compounds are involved in some biological processes, fundamentally in human health. Among the various application fields where enantiomers are remarkable, drug analysis has to be considered. Most of the drugs contain enantiomers and very often one of the two isomers could be pharmacologically more active or even dangerous. Therefore, the separation of these compounds is very important. Among the different analytical techniques usually employed, capillary electrochromatography has demonstrated great capability in enantiomers resolution. The great potential of this electromigration technique stands mainly in its high efficiency due to the use of an electrosmotic flow (flat flow profile) and on the high selectivity because of the use of a stationary phase. Chiral separation can be obtained utilizing several chiral stationary phases including a polysaccharide derivative. The aim of this review paper is to summarize the main features of capillary electrochromatography and polysaccharide derivatives of chiral stationary phase. It also report examples of practical applications utilizing this approach.

Chiral Stationary Phases for Liquid Chromatography: Recent Developments

“…Besides the recent developments on polysaccharide-based CSPs, it is important to emphasize that this type of CSPs also cover a wide range of recent applications [111,112,113]. For example, Padró et al [89] recently reviewed applications of polysaccharide-based CSPs in different fields.…”

Investigation of the synergistic effect with chiral D‐penicillamine functionalized gold nanoparticle as an additive for enantiomeric separation in capillary electrophoresis

“…Enantiomeric separation, a significant aspect in pharmaceutical analysis, have drawn great attention in the past few decades. This interest mainly due to the fact that the enantiomers of racemic drugs usually exhibit different physiological activities as well as even opposite pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic effects in body [1,2]. Among the various approaches, CE has been considered as a favorable technique for enantioseparation in recent years because of its unique advantages such as flexibility in condition, high speed, high efficiency, and small amount of sample [3].…”

A novel open‐tubular capillary electrochromatography using carboxymethyl‐β‐cyclodextrin functionalized gold nanoparticles as chiral stationary phase

“…Capillary electrochromatography (CEC), combines the advantages of HPLC with those of CE, is a powerful tool for enantioseparations . For CEC analysis, the preparation of a capillary particularly immobilization the inner walls of the capillary, open tubular capillary electrochromatography (OTCEC) is obtained.…”

“…Capillary electrochromatography (CEC), combines the advantages of HPLC with those of CE, is a powerful tool for enantioseparations [1,2]. For CEC analysis, the preparation Article Related Abbreviations: CEC, capillary electrochromatography; CM-β-CD, carboxymethyl-β-cyclodextrin; CSP, chiral stationary phase; EDS, energy dispersive X-ray analysis spectroscopy; GNP, gold nanoparticle; OT, open tubular; OTCEC, open tubular capillary electrochromatography; β-CD, β-cyclodextrin.…”