Enalapril in Experimental Hypertension and Acute Heart Failure

Sweet, Charles S.; Ludden, C. T.; Adkins, Eric; Seymour, A A; Emmert, Scott E.; Ribeiro, Lair G.T.

doi:10.1097/00005344-198600081-00004

Cited by 16 publications

(17 citation statements)

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“…Furthermore at times of peak saluresis, at 1-2 h and 4-8 h, increases in potassium excretion were observed. This implies that the natriuretic effect of enalapril is not simply mediated via reduced aldosterone secretion, a conclusion which is supported by the finding that enalapril can induce significant natriuresis in adrenalectomized animals (Sweet et al, 1983). There are reports that angiotensin II can induce tubular reabsorption of sodium independently of changes in GFR, renal blood flow or intracortical redistribution of blood flow (Johnson & Malvin, 1977;Borresen et al, 1982).…”

Section: Design Of Studymentioning

confidence: 84%

Effects of repeated doses of enalapril on renal function in man.

McNabb¹,

Noormohamed²,

Brooks³

et al. 1985

Brit J Clinical Pharma

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Ten healthy subjects received 10 mg oral enalapril (MK 421) daily for a period of 8 days. Renal clearances of electrolytes, urate and phosphate were monitored and factored for glomerular filtration rate, as measured by creatinine clearance, with particular emphasis on the first and eighth day of treatment. Apart from a fall of around 10% in creatinine clearance between 1‐2 h on both days 1 and 8, GFR remained unchanged throughout the study. Fractional sodium excretion increased in a biphasic manner by approximately 50% over control between 1‐2 h and 4‐8 h on day 1. Significant chloruresis (+39.0 +/‐ 12.9%) and kaluresis (+26.5 +/‐ 10.3%) occurred between 4‐8 h. Urinary pH increased between 0‐1 h (+0.29 +/‐ 0.12; P less than 0.05), and between 4‐8 h (+0.50 +/‐ 0.08; P less than 0.01). The biphasic saluretic effect was also seen between 1‐2 h and 4‐8 h on day 8. Enalapril caused significant increases in urate and phosphate excretion on day 8 of therapy. There was a biphasic increase in fractional urate excretion at 1‐2 h (+28.1 +/‐ 6.9%; P less than 0.05) and at 4‐8 h (+21.0 +/‐ 6.0% P less than 0.01). Significant phosphaturia (+36.8 +/‐ 5.2%; P less than 0.05) was also observed at 4‐8 h on day 8. Urinary drug excretion was also biphasic; over the first 2 h the predominant drug form was unchanged enalapril, whilst the peak excretion of the diacid metabolite, enalaprilat, occurred at 4‐8 h.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

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Section: Design Of Studymentioning

confidence: 84%

Effects of repeated doses of enalapril on renal function in man.

McNabb¹,

Noormohamed²,

Brooks³

et al. 1985

Brit J Clinical Pharma

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“…In fact, ACE inhibitors can counteract the multiple effects of angiotensin II on the myocardium. 19 Recently, Linz and coworkers 20 demonstrated that a nonantihypertensive low dose of the ACE-inhibitor ramipril determines the same complete regression of cardiac hypertrophy as seen in a group receiving the antihypertensive dose of ACE inhibitor. In hypertensive rats, Chevillard et al 21 observed that 10 mg/kg of enalapril (i.e., the same drug dose we used) reduced but did not normalize the arterial pressure and simultaneously caused a marked inhibition of myocardial converting enzyme activity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Enalapril prevents cardiac fibrosis and arrhythmias in hypertensive rats.

et al. 1991

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To evaluate the effects of hypertension on cardiac hypertrophy, on myocardial structure, and on ventricular arrhythmias, 27 3-month-old spontaneously hypertensive rats were treated with enalapril (10 ing/kg) daily for 11 months and compared with 26 untreated control rats. Systolic arterial pressure was significantly decreased in treated rats, and at the end of the experiment, it was 199±3 mm Hg (treated) versus 237±3 mm Hg (controls) (p<0.001). At this time, spontaneous arrhythmias and induced arrhythmias either by programmed electrical stimulation (train of stimuli +1 or 2 extrastimuli) or by trains of eight stimuli at decreasing coupling intervals were observed in isolated heart preparations.

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“…According to Cohn et al (15), vasodilators are effective not only in chronic heart failure but also in acute heart failure following myocardial infarc tion. Moreover, it was demonstrated that several ACE inhibitors were effective in ALVF induced in experimental animals by coronary embolization (4)(5)(6). Therefore, us ing a similar animal model of ALVF, we eval uated the action of benazeprilat, a new potent and long acting ACE inhibitor with no direct inotropic effect (7,11,16), on acute heart fail ure.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hemodynamic Effects of Benazeprilat in the Anesthetized Dog with Acute Left Ventricular Failure.

et al. 1991

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ABSTRACT-To examine the hemodynamic effects of benazepril, an angiotensin con verting enzyme inhibitor, in left ventricular failure, its active metabolite benazeprilat was administered during acute ischemic left ventricular failure in anesthetized open chest dog induced by repeated injections of plastic microspheres into the left coronary artery. The coronary embolization with microspheres resulted in a moderate and stable left ventricular pump failure characterized by increased left ventricular end diastolic pressure (LVEDP) and decreased cardiac output (CO). Benazeprilat (30 ug/kg) administered intravenously after a stabilization period lowered LVEDP and maintained CO. The total peripheral resistance was reduced with benazeprilat. The oxygen consumption and the coronary blood flow were reduced with benazeprilat be cause of a decrease in wall tension and afterload. These results suggest that benazepri lat (benazepril) has beneficial effects for the treatment of acute left ventricular failure.

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Enalapril in Experimental Hypertension and Acute Heart Failure

Cited by 16 publications

References 0 publications

Effects of repeated doses of enalapril on renal function in man.

Effects of repeated doses of enalapril on renal function in man.

Enalapril prevents cardiac fibrosis and arrhythmias in hypertensive rats.

Hemodynamic Effects of Benazeprilat in the Anesthetized Dog with Acute Left Ventricular Failure.

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