Employer perspectives on undeclared work in the service sector: impacts and policy responses

Horodnic, Ioana Alexandra; Williams, Colin C.; Manolică, Adriana; Roman, Cristina Teodora; Boldureanu, Gabriela

doi:10.1080/02642069.2020.1731476

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…However, informal institutions are hardly variable in a shorter interval such as the one covered by our panel analysis, which makes the cross-section estimator a reliable alternative. Socio-economic variables are also included as controls in the analysis (e.g., education, employment, GDP), similar to various studies evaluating informal economy [ 46 , 47 , 48 ], corruption, and informal payments in the health sector [ 49 , 50 , 51 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Institutional Determinants of Informal Payments for Health Services: An Exploratory Analysis across 117 Countries

Încalţărău

Horodnic

Williams

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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Healthcare accessibility and equity remain important issues, as corruption in the form of informal payments is still prevalent in many countries across the world. This study employs a panel data analysis over the 2006–2013 period to explore the role of different institutional factors in explaining the prevalence of informal payments. Covering 117 countries, our findings confirm the significant role of both formal and informal institutions. Good governance, a higher trust among individuals, and a higher commitment to tackling corruption are associated with diminishing informal payments. In addition, higher shares of private finance, such as out-of-pocket and domestic private health expenditure, are also correlated with a lower prevalence of informal payments. In policy terms, this displays how correcting institutional imperfections may be among the most efficient ways to tackle informal payments in healthcare.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Institutional Determinants of Informal Payments for Health Services: An Exploratory Analysis across 117 Countries

Încalţărău

Horodnic

Williams

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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“…To identify a potential typology of workers using digital labour platforms for conducting undeclared work, the following socio-demographic variables, along with relevant habits, have been included (Horodnic, 2021;Horodnic and Williams, 2018;Horodnic et al, 2020Horodnic et al, , 2021aWilliams and Kayaoglu, 2020;Littlewood et al, 2018;Williams and Horodnic, 2018):…”

Section: Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Undeclared activities on digital labour platforms: an exploratory study

Mațcu

Zaiț

Ianole-Călin

et al. 2022

IJSSP

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PurposeThis paper aims to explore the prevalence of undeclared activities conducted on digital labour platforms, and then to discuss what policies are likely to be more effective in order to prevent the growth of the informal activities on these platforms.Design/methodology/approachTo depict the profile of the digital worker conducting undeclared activities, the sectors where undeclared activities are more prevalent and the effectiveness of deterrent policies, data are reported from 2019 Special Eurobarometer survey covering the European Union member states and the UK.FindingsThe finding is that 13% of undeclared activities are conducted on digital labour platforms. This practice is more common amongst men, those married or remarried, those living in small/middle towns, in sectors such as repairs/renovations, selling goods/services, assistance for dependant persons, gardening and help moving house. The higher the perceived sanction, the lower the likelihood of undertaking undeclared activities on digital labour platforms. Intriguing, a higher risk of detection is associated with a higher likelihood to use digital labour platform for undeclared activities.Practical implicationsThe attitudes toward risk can be interpreted closer to the gaming context, and not to the working environment, looking at platform workers as being involved in a state versus individual game. Policy makers should consider improving the correspondence of laws and regulations between countries and offering operational assistance for suppliers and consumers.Originality/valueThis is the first paper to explore the prevalence of undeclared activities conducted on digital labour platforms and to outline the policy measures required to reduce this practice.

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“…Before commencing, a few words are required on what is meant by the undeclared economy. Reflecting the consensus among academics and practitioners across Europe, undeclared work refers to paid work that is not declared to the authorities for tax, social security and/or labour law purposes but which is otherwise legal (European Commission, 2007;Horodnic et al, 2020;Kedir et al, 2018;OECD, 2012OECD, , 2017Williams & Kayaoglu, 2020). If the paid work possesses other absences of deficiencies, then it is not treated as undeclared work.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Revisiting the undeclared service economy as a dual labour market: lessons from a 2019 Eurobarometer survey

Williams

Kayaoğlu

2021

The Service Industries Journal

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The aim of this paper is to transcend the long-standing depiction that workers universally participate in the undeclared service economy out of necessity due to their exclusion from the formal labour market, by proposing and evaluating the existence of a dual undeclared labour market in the service sector composed of an 'upper-tier' of voluntary exit-driven and 'lower-tier' of exclusion-driven undeclared service sector workers. Reporting a 2019 Eurobarometer survey conducted in 28 European countries, a dual labour market in the undeclared service economy is validated. Three-quarters of undeclared service workers report either purely exit-or exclusion driven rationales. For every lower tier undeclared service worker, 6.7 are in the upper tier, with those in the voluntary exit-driven upper tier more likely to be older, self-employed, having spent time in full-time education, and to be living in Western Europe and Nordic countries. The theoretical and policy implications are then discussed. 本文的目的是通过提出和评估服务中存在双重未声明劳动市场的存在，超越长期存在的描述，即由于工人被排除在正式劳动力市场之外，他们普遍参加了未声明服务的经济。由自愿退出驱动的 '上层'和排斥驱动的未声明服务部门的'下层'组成。据报道，2019 年欧洲晴雨表在28个欧洲国家进行了调查，结果证实了未宣布服务经济中的双重劳动力市场。四分之三的未申报服务人员报告的是纯粹出于退出或排斥的原因。对于每个较低级别的未声明服务的工作人员，有6.7位在上层，而自愿退出驱动的上层工作的人则年龄较大，自雇，接受过全日制教育并居住在西部地区。欧洲和北欧国家。 ARTICLE HISTORY

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Employer perspectives on undeclared work in the service sector: impacts and policy responses

Cited by 6 publications

References 54 publications

Institutional Determinants of Informal Payments for Health Services: An Exploratory Analysis across 117 Countries

Institutional Determinants of Informal Payments for Health Services: An Exploratory Analysis across 117 Countries

Undeclared activities on digital labour platforms: an exploratory study

Revisiting the undeclared service economy as a dual labour market: lessons from a 2019 Eurobarometer survey

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