Emotion and reason in everyday risk perception

Hogarth, Robin M.; Portell, Mariona; Cuxart, Anna; Kolev, Gueorgui I.

doi:10.1002/bdm.689

Cited by 60 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Inverse relations between judgments of risk and benefit have also been shown in experts' judgments (see Ganzach, 2000, for evidence with financial analysts, Slovic, MacGregor, Malmfors, & Purchase, 1999, for evidence with toxicology experts, and Savadori et al, 2004, for evidence with biotechnology experts). The effect of emotions on risk perception seems pervasive, as it is also found in randomly sampled behaviors from everyday life (Hogarth, Portell, Cuxart, & Kolev, 2011). In summary, empirical evidence suggests that perceptions of risk and benefit are related to the overall affect that a verbal description of a stimulus activates.…”

Section: The Role Of Affect In Judgments Of Risk and Benefitmentioning

confidence: 96%

The effect of foreign language in judgments of risk and benefit: The role of affect.

Hadjichristidis¹,

Geipel²,

Savadori³

2015

Journal of Experimental Psychology: Applied

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As a result of globalization, policymakers and citizens are increasingly communicating in foreign languages. This article investigates whether communicating in a foreign language influences lay judgments of risk and benefit regarding specific hazards such as "traveling by airplane," "climate change," and "biotechnology." Merging findings from bilingual and risk perception research, we hypothesized that stimuli described in a foreign language, as opposed to the native tongue, would prompt more positive overall affect and through that induce lower judgments of risk and higher judgments of benefit. Two studies support this foreign language hypothesis. Contrary to recent proposals that foreign language influences judgment by promoting deliberate processing, we show that it can also influence judgment through emotional processing. The present findings carry implications for international policy, such as United Nations decisions on environmental issues.

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Section: The Role Of Affect In Judgments Of Risk and Benefitmentioning

confidence: 96%

The effect of foreign language in judgments of risk and benefit: The role of affect.

Hadjichristidis¹,

Geipel²,

Savadori³

2015

Journal of Experimental Psychology: Applied

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“…Compared to other measures of affect, such as Emocards [33] or smartphone applications, research participants find the SAM relatively easy to use and interpret [34, 35]. Unfortunately, despite the SAM’s widespread use for assessing emotional responses to stimuli, state norms are not readily available.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in affect after completing a mailed survey about trauma: two pre- and post-test studies in former disability applicants for posttraumatic stress disorder

Murdoch

Kehle‐Forbes

Partin

2017

BMC Med Res Methodol

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BackgroundOne potential concern with using mailed surveys containing trauma-related content is the possibility of re-traumatizing survivors without a trained mental health professional present. Prior research provides insufficient guidance regarding the prevalence and magnitude of this risk because the psychological harms of trauma-related surveys have typically been estimated using single post-test observations. Post-test observations cannot quantify magnitude of change in participants’ emotional states and may over or under estimate associations between participants’ characteristics (risk factors) and post-survey upset.MethodsWe conducted two pre- and post-test studies in samples of former applicants for posttraumatic stress disorder disability benefits: 191 males who served during Gulf War I plus 639 male and 921 female Veterans who served sometime between 1955 and 1998. We used two 9-point items from the Self-Assessment Manikins to measure participants’ valence (sadness/happiness) and arousal (tenseness/calmness) before and after they completed mailed surveys asking about trauma-related symptoms or experiences. We examined the following potential predictors for post-survey sadness and tenseness: screening positive for posttraumatic stress disorder, having a serious mental illness, and history of military sexual assault or combat.ResultsAfter the survey, across the groups, 29.3–41.8% were sadder, 45.3–52.2% had no change in valence, and 12.9–22.5% were happier; 31.7–40.2% were tenser, 40.6–48.2% had no change in arousal, and 17.3–24.0% were calmer. The mean increase in sadness or tenseness post-survey was less than one point in all groups (SD’s < 1.7). Cohen’s d ranged from 0.07 to 0.30. Most hypothesized predictors were associated with greater baseline sadness or tenseness, but not necessarily with larger post-survey changes. Women with a history of military sexual assault had the largest net post-survey changes in sadness (mean = 0.7, SD = 1.4) and tenseness (mean = 0.6, SD = 1.6).ConclusionWhile a substantial minority of Veterans reported more sadness or tenseness post-survey, the net change in affect was small. Most hypothesized risk factors were actually associated with higher baseline sadness or tenseness scores. When receiving unsolicited, trauma-related surveys by mail, separate protections for Veterans with the risk factors studied here do not seem necessary.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12874-017-0357-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…Redelmeier and Kahneman36 showed how patients’ memories of pain during a colonoscopy or lithotripsy (retrospective evaluation) did not match their judgement of pain during the actual procedure (contemporaneous evaluation). Studies of perceived risk have also shown that this is higher during than after an event 22,37…”

Section: Basic Requirements Of Research Methods For Studying Daily Lifementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sense-making refers to people’s tendency to reinterpret their lives in the light of more recent events or to confirm implicit theories and beliefs. Finally, state of mind, or retrospections (particularly of affect and attitude) can reflect a person’s mood at the time of the report 37. These biases can be controlled for by having participants report in real time, but this also has limitations, such as registration errors.…”

Section: Basic Requirements Of Research Methods For Studying Daily Lifementioning

confidence: 99%

Quantifying biopsychosocial aspects in everyday contexts: an integrative methodological approach from the behavioral sciences

Portell

Anguera

Mendo

et al. 2015

PRBM

Self Cite

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Contextual factors are crucial for evaluative research in psychology, as they provide insights into what works, for whom, in what circumstances, in what respects, and why. Studying behavior in context, however, poses numerous methodological challenges. Although a comprehensive framework for classifying methods seeking to quantify biopsychosocial aspects in everyday contexts was recently proposed, this framework does not contemplate contributions from observational methodology. The aim of this paper is to justify and propose a more general framework that includes observational methodology approaches. Our analysis is rooted in two general concepts: ecological validity and methodological complementarity. We performed a narrative review of the literature on research methods and techniques for studying daily life and describe their shared properties and requirements (collection of data in real time, on repeated occasions, and in natural settings) and classification criteria (eg, variables of interest and level of participant involvement in the data collection process). We provide several examples that illustrate why, despite their higher costs, studies of behavior and experience in everyday contexts offer insights that complement findings provided by other methodological approaches. We urge that observational methodology be included in classifications of research methods and techniques for studying everyday behavior and advocate a renewed commitment to prioritizing ecological validity in behavioral research seeking to quantify biopsychosocial aspects.

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Emotion and reason in everyday risk perception

Cited by 60 publications

References 38 publications

The effect of foreign language in judgments of risk and benefit: The role of affect.

The effect of foreign language in judgments of risk and benefit: The role of affect.

Changes in affect after completing a mailed survey about trauma: two pre- and post-test studies in former disability applicants for posttraumatic stress disorder

Quantifying biopsychosocial aspects in everyday contexts: an integrative methodological approach from the behavioral sciences

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