Emigration From Kazakhstan: Focus on Northern Regions and Rural Areas

Abstract

The purpose of the research is to discuss emigration from Kazakhstan. Since 2014, the outfl ow of the population from the country continues both from cities and from rural areas.Methodology. When writing the article, methods of scientifi c knowledge, theoretical generalization, comparative analysis of the current and past states were used based on data from the Bureau of National Statistics of the Agency for Strategic Planning and Reforms of the Republic of Kazakhstan.Originality / value of the research. Based on the available data, the authors made an attempt to analyze the eff ectiveness of the implementation of the state programs «With a diploma – to the village» and «Enbek», aimed at solving the problems of the outfl ow of the population from the northern regions of Kazakhstan and rural areas.Findings. The greatest outfl ow of the population is typical for the regions located in the central, northern and eastern parts of Kazakhstan (all these regions are combined into one group «northern regions»). The fact that people of working age are leaving the country is a matter of concern. To compensate for the losses of the population, the state implements various programs: «With a diploma – to the village» and «Enbek».The state program «With a Diploma – to the Village» is aimed at attracting graduates of higher educational institutions to live in rural areas and replenish the labor force. The state program «Enbek» aims to stimulate voluntary relocation to the northern regions from the labor surplus (southern) regions to the northern regions of Kazakhstan. The implementation of these programs has not been able to address the problem of the outfl ow of the population both from the northern regions of Kazakhstan and from rural areas. In our opinion, these programs require revision considering the conditions on the ground.