Emerging Role of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-derived Exosomes in Regenerative Medicine

Zhao, Ting; Feng, Sun; Liu, Jinwen; Ding, Tian-Yan; She, Jie; Mao, Fei; Xu, Wenrong; Qian, Hui; Yan, Yongmin

doi:10.2174/1574888x14666190228103230

Cited by 118 publications

(90 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…Due to their small sizes, they are capable of evading the mononuclear phagocytic system's clearance, hence extending their circulatory time for passive targeting of inflammatory and cancerous cells [101]. Compared with their parent cells, these vesicles are more stable and can decrease the inherent safety risks associated with the administration of viable cells, like the risk of occlusion in microvasculature and the risk of possible immune recognition by the host system [124]. Recent development also indicates that exosomes are speedily evolving as potential treatment option for cancer, and potential biomarkers for both the diagnosis and prognosis of cancer and other inflammatory conditions [125].…”

Section: Mesenchymal Stem Cell-derived Exosomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Achievements and Challenges of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Based Therapy in Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Its Associated Colorectal Cancer

Ocansey

Qiu

Wang

et al. 2020

Stem Cells International

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Approximately 18.1×106 new cases of cancer were recorded globally in 2018, out of which 9.6 million died. It is known that people who have Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) turn to be prone to increased risks of developing colorectal cancer (CRC), which has global incident and mortality rates of 10.2% and 9.2%, respectively. Over the years, conventional treatments of IBD and its associated CRC have been noted to provide scarce desired results and often with severe complications. The introduction of biological agents as a better therapeutic approach has witnessed a great deal of success in both experimental and clinical models. With regard to mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy, the ability of these cells to actively proliferate, undergo plastic differentiation, trigger strong immune regulation, exhibit low immunogenicity, and express abundant trophic factors has ensured their success in regenerative medicine and immune intervention therapies. Notwithstanding, MSC-based therapy is still confronted with some challenges including the likelihood of promoting tumor growth and metastasis, and possible overestimated therapeutic potentials. We review the success story of MSC-based therapy in IBD and its associated CRC as documented in experimental models and clinical trials, examining some of the challenges encountered and possible ways forward to producing an optimum MSC therapeutic imparts.

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Section: Mesenchymal Stem Cell-derived Exosomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Achievements and Challenges of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Based Therapy in Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Its Associated Colorectal Cancer

Ocansey

Qiu

Wang

et al. 2020

Stem Cells International

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“…MSC-exosomes reportedly modulate MΦ phenotype, suppressing the proinflammatory M1-like state and shifting the M2-like MΦ to favor an anti-inflammatory, pro-regulatory phenotype both in vitro and in vivo [197,198]. However, exosomes extracted from cells cultured in cardiometabolic disease [199][200][201][202][203][204][205] mimicking conditions or from biological fluids of diabetic patients, produce pathogenic microangiopathic effects [201,202]. Taken together, extreme caution should be exercised when considering the use of 'naïve' patient-derived exosomes for therapeutic intervention.…”

Section: Novel Therapeutic Approaches In Gestational Diabetes Mellitusmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Taken together, extreme caution should be exercised when considering the use of 'naïve' patient-derived exosomes for therapeutic intervention. In contrast, several reports indicate that allogenic "healthy" MSCs are an excellent source of bioactive exosomes [203], endowed with protective, antifibrotic and proangiogenic properties [204]. Additionally, MSCs reportedly recruit CCR2+ monocytes (Mo), which were shown to contribute to the regenerative properties induced by stem cell injection into the rodent heart [192,205].…”

Section: Novel Therapeutic Approaches In Gestational Diabetes Mellitusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exosomes Could Offer New Options to Combat the Long-Term Complications Inflicted by Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

Floriano

Willis

Catapano

et al. 2020

Cells

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Gestational diabetes Mellitus (GDM) is a complex clinical condition that promotes pelvic floor myopathy, thus predisposing sufferers to urinary incontinence (UI). GDM usually regresses after birth. Nonetheless, a GDM history is associated with higher risk of subsequently developing type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and UI. Some aspects of the pathophysiology of GDM remain unclear and the associated pathologies (outcomes) are poorly addressed, simultaneously raising public health costs and diminishing women’s quality of life. Exosomes are small extracellular vesicles produced and actively secreted by cells as part of their intercellular communication system. Exosomes are heterogenous in their cargo and depending on the cell sources and environment, they can mediate both pathogenetic and therapeutic functions. With the advancement in knowledge of exosomes, new perspectives have emerged to support the mechanistic understanding, prediction/diagnosis and ultimately, treatment of the post-GMD outcomes. Here, we will review recent advances in knowledge of the role of exosomes in GDM and related areas and discuss the possibilities for translating exosomes as therapeutic agents in the GDM clinical setting.

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“…Exosomes derived from different cell types are seen to transfer specific tissue-remodeling molecules and mediate different metabolic pathways to promote the healing and regeneration of varying injured tissue. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs)-derived exosomes, for example, have been shown to have remarkable effects on promoting regeneration [40,41]. Placenta-derived MSCs have been shown to secrete exosomes that play a key role in neuroprotection and immunomodulation [42,43], while exosomes from bone marrow-derived MSCs have been implicated in aiding in bone regeneration [44].…”

Section: Physiological Functions Of Exosomes and Implications For Regmentioning

confidence: 99%

Engineering Extracellular Vesicles as Nanotherapeutics for Regenerative Medicine

2019

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Long thought of to be vesicles that primarily recycled waste biomolecules from cells, extracellular vesicles (EVs) have now emerged as a new class of nanotherapeutics for regenerative medicine. Recent studies have proven their potential as mediators of cell proliferation, immunomodulation, extracellular matrix organization and angiogenesis, and are currently being used as treatments for a variety of diseases and injuries. They are now being used in combination with a variety of more traditional biomaterials and tissue engineering strategies to stimulate tissue repair and wound healing. However, the clinical translation of EVs has been greatly slowed due to difficulties in EV isolation and purification, as well as their limited yields and functional heterogeneity. Thus, a field of EV engineering has emerged in order to augment the natural properties of EVs and to recapitulate their function in semi-synthetic and synthetic EVs. Here, we have reviewed current technologies and techniques in this growing field of EV engineering while highlighting possible future applications for regenerative medicine.

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Emerging Role of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-derived Exosomes in Regenerative Medicine

Cited by 118 publications

References 70 publications

The Achievements and Challenges of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Based Therapy in Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Its Associated Colorectal Cancer

The Achievements and Challenges of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Based Therapy in Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Its Associated Colorectal Cancer

Exosomes Could Offer New Options to Combat the Long-Term Complications Inflicted by Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

Engineering Extracellular Vesicles as Nanotherapeutics for Regenerative Medicine

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