“…In Cuenca, Ecuador and Cusco, Peru, for example, gentrification of the historical center was manifested in the transformation of private houses into tourist facilities such as hotels, restaurants, bars, discotheques, travel agencies, shopping boutiques, internet bars and call centers (Steel, 2012;van Noorloos and Steel, 2016). In several Latin American cities we observe similar examples of commercial gentrification where land use change is related to anticipated land value increases, real estate purchases by foreigners as well as the creation of leased retail space by private investors (Schlack and Turnbull, 2014;Steel, 2012;Klaufus and Jaffe, 2015), or temporary shelter for tourists as in San Telmo in Buenos Aires (Herzer et al, 2014). 1…”