Emerging Energy-efficiency and Carbon Dioxide Emissions-reduction Technologies for the Iron and Steel Industry

Abstract

Iron and steel manufacturing is among the most energy-intensive industries and accounts for the largest share, approximately 27 percent, of global carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) emissions from the manufacturing sector. The ongoing increase in world steel demand means that this industry's energy use and CO 2 emissions continue to grow, so there is significant incentive to develop, commercialize and adopt emerging energy-efficiency and CO 2 emissions-reduction technologies for steel production. Although studies from around the world have identified a wide range of energy-efficiency technologies applicable to the steel industry that have already been commercialized, information is limited and/or scattered regarding emerging or advanced energyefficiency and low-carbon technologies that are not yet commercialized. This report consolidates available information on 56 emerging iron and steel industry technologies, with the intent of providing a well-structured database of information on these technologies for engineers, researchers, investors, steel companies, policy makers, and other interested parties. For each technology included, we provide information on energy savings and environmental and other benefits, costs, and commercialization status; we also identify references for more information.

Modeling technological change and its impact on energy savings in the U.S. iron and steel sector

“…Existing technologies are included in the model from the start period onward. Definitions of existing and emerging energy-efficient technologies used in this study can be found in U.S. EPA [64], Hasanbeigi et al [65], and Worrell et al [66].…”

Life-Cycle and Energy Assessment of Automotive Component Manufacturing: The Dilemma Between Aluminum and Cast Iron

“…There are two different processes of agglomeration which are used in industry: sintering and pelletizing. Sintering plants are usually located near the blast furnace site, while pelletizing plants are situated near the mines [31]. From the range of data collected, the average energy required for this process is 1.59 ± 0.36 GJ/t of iron agglomerate (Table 6).…”

“…In some countries like Brazil, charcoal is commonly used in the production of pig iron instead of coke. 4.45 [22] 3.59 [36] 5.80 [38] 2.40 [31] 6.00…”

“…Specifics Energy (GJ/t) [22] 16.90 [38] 13.6-16.2 [42] Blast furnace 12.3 [40] Blast furnace 10.4 [27] Raw iron manufacturing 12.8 [31] Blast furnace 13-14.1 [43] Blast furnace 12.7-18.6 [44] 12.0 [34] blast furnace 10.4 [45] 12.2 [36] blast furnace 10. 4 [37] 13.63…”

Avaliação De Ciclo De Vida Do Ferro Gusa Produzido Por Diferentes Tecnologias: Revisão Sistemática De Literatura

“…Em face à pressão das mudanças climáticas no setor, a redução do consumo de energia, bem como das emissões de Gases de Efeito Estufa (GEE) estão na agenda. A produção de ferro e aço está entre as mais intensivas em uso de energia e corresponde à maior parcela de emissão de CO2 do setor manufatureiro, aproximadamente 27% [6]. Uma gama de tecnologias de baixo consumo de energia e de emissão aplicáveis à indústria siderúrgica já estão em estado de comercialização.…”