Emergency department management of blood and body fluid exposures

Moran, Gregory J.

doi:10.1016/s0196-0644(00)70104-1

Cited by 29 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 75 publications

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“…1,9 There has been no clear explanation yet in literature why some individuals need more applications to reach optimal immune response, assuming that non-responders from the fi rst vaccinal series would respond in 30-50% with protective titers after the second series of three applications. 3,12,13 To fi nd the reason for unsuccessful vaccination (a 3-dose scheme), it is recommended that subject be investigated for the presence of hepatitis markers (HBsAg, anti-HBc) 1,3,8 , especially in view of their mean age and their long occupational exposure to blood.…”

Section: Primary Immune Responsementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many other researchers have found decrease of the antibodies concentration below the detectable threshold in 10-50% of the subjects immunized 10-15 years prior. 8,11,13,16,17 It is worth noting that the absence of antibodies (anti-HBs < 10 mIU/ml) in previously immunized subjects does not prove absence of protection. 18,19 There have been studies demonstrating that postvaccinal immunity against hepatitis B is not only humoral, but it has been detected that immunologic memory determined by HBsAg -specifi c T-lymphocytes persists long time after vaccination in recipients with serum antibodies < 10 mIU/ml.…”

Section: Duration Of the Immune Responsementioning

confidence: 99%

“…7 In cases of vaccination after the age of 50, in presence of obesity, immune defi ciency and high risk of contact with blood and/or other body fl uids, follow-up of the primary seroconversion after vaccination is advisable. 3,[7][8][9] …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Immune Response and Immunologic Memory in Medical Personnel Vaccinated with Hepatitis B Vaccine

Kevorkyan

Teoharov²,

Petrova³

et al. 2011

Folia Medica

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Section: Primary Immune Responsementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Duration Of the Immune Responsementioning

confidence: 99%

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Immune Response and Immunologic Memory in Medical Personnel Vaccinated with Hepatitis B Vaccine

Kevorkyan

Teoharov²,

Petrova³

et al. 2011

Folia Medica

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“…1 The majority of these exposures have been identified as occurring through sharps-related injuries, in which a sharp object contaminated with blood or bodily fluids produces a percutaneous injury.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Urban Emergency Department: A Potential Increased Occupational Hazard for Sharps‐related Injuries

Miller

Mahan

et al. 2015

Academic Emergency Medicine

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Objectives: Health care workers are at risk for sharps-related injuries while working in the clinical arena. The authors sought to quantify and compare the frequency of these injuries for all health care personnel between the urban and community emergency department (ED).Methods: A retrospective review was performed on the institutional human resources database of all self-or supervisor-reported sharps-related injuries that occurred to ED personnel in a single health system from January 2010 through September 2014. The health system was composed of a single urban academic Level I trauma center and seven community EDs, two of which were academic Level III trauma centers. Each sharps-related injury was reviewed for site of injury, job class, and type of instrument causing the injury.Results: There were 171 sharps-related injuries reported during 447,986 urban and 1,350,623 community patient visits. Of the 171 injuries, 44.4% occurred to physicians, 39.2% to nurses, 12.9% to support staff, and 3.5% to physician assistants. Injuries occurred more frequently at the urban academic medical center when compared to the pooled community sites: 20.3 per 100,000 patient visits (n = 91) versus 5.9 per 100,000 patient visits (n = 80), respectively (odds ratio = 3.43, 95% confidence interval = 2.54 to 4.63, p < 0.001). They also occurred more frequently at the urban site when individually compared to each community site.Conclusions: Physicians accounted for the largest proportion of health care workers reporting sharpsrelated injuries. These injuries occurred more frequently in the urban ED than in the community EDs.ACADEMIC EMERGENCY MEDICINE 2015;22:1348-1350 © 2015 by the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine A n occupational exposure to a blood-borne pathogen carries a risk to health care workers for the transmission of communicable diseases. 1 The majority of these exposures have been identified as occurring through sharps-related injuries, in which a sharp object contaminated with blood or bodily fluids produces a percutaneous injury.2 Independent of contracting a communicable disease, health care personnel who suffer sharps-related injuries are at increased risk of suffering both physical and psychological impairment. 3,4 With an estimated 385,000 such injuries occurring to health care workers within the United States annually, there has been a substantial movement to focus on preventative efforts, such as mandating the use of universal precautions, supporting awareness campaigns, introducing safety devices, and educating health care workers on the safe handling and disposal of sharps devices. 5,6 Many states have also implemented legislative action to help identify and reduce future risk of these injuries. 7Despite significant effort for reduction, sharps-related injuries continue to pose a significant risk to hospital personnel in all health care settings. [8][9][10] While prior studies have focused on identifying injuries that occur within the general hospital or operating room, most have failed to quantify...

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“…El riesgo de exposición a VIH, para los trabajadores está principalmente relacionado con la prevalencia de infección VIH en los pacientes de un área específica 17 ; los cuatro factores que tras un accidente incrementan el riesgo de los trabajadores de adquirir infección por VIH son: herida profunda, aguja usada en vena o arteria del enfermo, sangre visible en el material causante de accidente y paciente fuente con enfermedad terminal 14,18 .…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Accidentes con exposición a material biológico contaminado por VIH en trabajadores de un hospital de tercer nivel de Madrid (1986-2001)

Ilario¹,

Pardo²,

P³

et al. 2004

Rev. Esp. Salud Publica

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Emergency department management of blood and body fluid exposures

Cited by 29 publications

References 75 publications

Immune Response and Immunologic Memory in Medical Personnel Vaccinated with Hepatitis B Vaccine

Immune Response and Immunologic Memory in Medical Personnel Vaccinated with Hepatitis B Vaccine

The Urban Emergency Department: A Potential Increased Occupational Hazard for Sharps‐related Injuries

Accidentes con exposición a material biológico contaminado por VIH en trabajadores de un hospital de tercer nivel de Madrid (1986-2001)

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