Emergence of two populations of methicillin-resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>
 with distinct epidemiological, clinical and biological features, isolated from patients with community-acquired skin infections

Giudice, P. Del; Blanc, Véronique; Durupt, F.; Bes, Michèle; Martìnez, J.; Counillon, E.; Lina, Gérard; Vandenesch, François; Étienne, Jérôme

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2133.2005.06910.x

Cited by 60 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 36 publications

(69 reference statements)

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“…The proportion of CA-MRSA associated with skin infection rose fourfold, from 4% to 17%, over 3 years in Frejus, France (8), and accounted for 11% of pyoderma in a recent study from Southern India (30). Extremely high rates, 55% of all S. aureus infection, have been reported in one Native American community (16), and an extended community outbreak has been reported in South Texas, with frequent cases of cellulitis and abscesses (36).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…High rates of CA-MRSA infection have been reported in people from Aboriginal communities in both North America and Australia (16,24,39,43), with a reported spectrum of disease from mild to life-threatening (29). Many strains of CA-MRSA also have the virulence factor PantonValentine leukocidin (PVL), which has been associated with skin and soft tissue infection as well as necrotizing pneumonia and septic shock (8,35,42). In Australia, the presence of the PVL determinant is uncommon in Western Australian CA-MRSA clones but is found in those derived from the southwest Pacific and southern Queensland (28,32).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Use of a Single-Nucleotide Polymorphism Genotyping System To Demonstrate the Unique Epidemiology of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Remote Aboriginal Communities

et al. 2006

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Community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) has emerged as a major public health problem in Australia, as in many other parts of the world. High rates of CA-MRSA skin and soft tissue infection have been reported from Aboriginal communities. We used a single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping typing system based on the multilocus sequence type (MLST) database to investigate the epidemiology of CA-MRSA and methicillin-sensitive S. aureus (MSSA) over a 12-month period in three remote Aboriginal communities of Northern Australia. This was supplemented by real-time PCR for Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL) genes, staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) typing, and antimicrobial susceptibility testing. S. aureus was recovered from pyoderma lesions on 221 occasions and throat swabs on 44 occasions. The median monthly recovery rate of S. aureus from skin sores was 58% (interquartile range, 62 to 78%), and there was no seasonal variation. Twenty-three percent of isolates were CA-MRSA; the proportion was similar across the communities and did not vary over the study period. Erythromycin resistance was found in 47% of CA-MRSA and 21% of MSSA. SNP-based typing identified 14 different clonal complexes (cc); however, cc75 was predominant, accounting for 71% of CA-MRSA isolates. These were confirmed as ST75-like by using an additional SNP and MLST of selected isolates. All but one of the cc75 isolates had SSCmec type IV (one had type V), and all were PVL negative. Monthly tracking of SNP-based cc types showed a highly dynamic process. ST75-MRSA-IV appears to be unique to the region and probably evolved de novo in remote Aboriginal communities.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Use of a Single-Nucleotide Polymorphism Genotyping System To Demonstrate the Unique Epidemiology of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Remote Aboriginal Communities

et al. 2006

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“…In a French hospital, the incidence of CA-MRSA skin and soft-tissue infections increased from 0% to 6.8% in a 3-yr period [62]. In Copenhagen, the number of MRSA isolates, mainly obtained from community-acquired skin infections, doubled in ,1 yr from 2003 to 2004 [63].…”

Section: Epidemiology Of Mrsa In Hospitalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

What is MRSA?

Pantosti¹,

Venditti²

2009

European Respiratory Journal

105

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For decades methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has been considered the prototype of multi-resistant nosocomial pathogens, causing infections in highrisk patients. Changes in the healthcare system, coupled with the evolution of this versatile microorganism, have transformed MRSA into a cause of community-onset infections, in both patients who have contact with the healthcare system and patients without such a risk factor.New lineages of MRSA, defined as community acquired (CA)-MRSA, have emerged that have a propensity to cause infections in young individuals without risk factors. CA-MRSA primarily causes skin infections and, rarely, necrotising pneumonia. In the USA, these strains belong to a single widespread clone, designated USA300, while in Europe they belong to a variety of clones. Most strains carry genes for the Panton-Valentine leukocidin, whose role in diseases is under debate.In subjects living in the community who have contact with the healthcare system, MRSA strains of the nosocomial type are a frequent cause of infection and of pneumonia in particular. The detection of a large MRSA reservoir in pigs and the finding that professionally exposed individuals are colonised, has further shown that it is necessary to closely follow the epidemiology of MRSA if we want to combat it effectively.

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“…A major finding in this study is the high frequency of mecA, the gene conferring methicillin resistance: 19 (33%) of the 58 S. aureus isolates were mecA positive. In Europe, MRSA strains account for less than 5% of pediatric S. aureus isolates in the community setting (20,44) and for less than 11% of isolates from SSTI patients in France (10). Sixteen of the 19 MRSA isolates belonged to known C-MRSA clones.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxin Profiling of Staphylococcus aureus Strains Involved in Varicella Superinfection

et al. 2010

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The most common complications of varicella are bacterial skin and soft tissue infections, generally due to Staphylococcus aureus and group A beta-hemolytic streptococci. The aim of this study was to characterize the toxin and antibiotic resistance profiles of S. aureus isolates involved in varicella complications. Between 2002 and 2007, the French Reference Centre for Staphylococci collected 58 S. aureus isolates involved in varicella superinfection. All the isolates were characterized by screening for 12 toxin genes, agr typing, and mecA gene detection; some isolates were also studied by spa typing, multilocus sequence typing (MLST), and resistance profiling. A major toxin gene was detected in 53% (31/58) of the isolates (genes for exfoliative toxins A and B, 17.2%; Panton-Valentine leukocidin gene, 8.6%; toxic shock syndrome toxin 1 gene, 27.6%). Most clinical manifestations were directly compatible with the classical activity of these toxins. Nineteen isolates (33%) were resistant to methicillin, and 12 of these isolates belonged to an emerging agr-2, ST5 clone that harbors the toxic shock syndrome toxin 1 gene. These data should be considered in the management and treatment of patients with varicella complicated by S. aureus superinfection. Antibiotics that decrease toxin production, such as clindamycin, may provide benefit, and their efficacy against bacterial superinfections in children with varicella should be studied.

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Emergence of two populations of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus with distinct epidemiological, clinical and biological features, isolated from patients with community-acquired skin infections

Abstract: Two populations of MRSA causing skin infections are emerging in the French community, with distinct epidemiological, clinical and biological characteristics.

Cited by 60 publications

References 36 publications

Use of a Single-Nucleotide Polymorphism Genotyping System To Demonstrate the Unique Epidemiology of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Remote Aboriginal Communities

Use of a Single-Nucleotide Polymorphism Genotyping System To Demonstrate the Unique Epidemiology of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Remote Aboriginal Communities

What is MRSA?

Toxin Profiling of Staphylococcus aureus Strains Involved in Varicella Superinfection

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