Emergence of Extended-Spectrum-β-Lactamase (CTX-M-9)-Producing Multiresistant Strains of Salmonella enterica Serotype Virchow in Poultry and Humans in France

Abstract

During 2002 to 2003, eight Salmonella enterica serotype Virchow poultry and poultry product isolates from various sources (chicken farms, poultry slaughterhouse, or retail store) and one S. enterica rough strain isolated from human feces were found to produce extended-spectrum ␤-lactamase CTX-M-9. Poultry and poultry product isolates were recovered from different locations in the southwest of France. The human rough isolate had sequences of flagellin genes (fliC and fljB) typical of serotype Virchow and ribotyping and pulsedfield gel electrophoresis (PFGE) patterns closely similar to those of serotype Virchow strains. PFGE confirmed the clonal relationship between the poultry isolates, while the human isolate displayed a pattern with 94% homology. The bla CTX-M-9 gene was located on a conjugative plasmid and was shown to be linked to orf513. Plasmid profiling found a very similar EcoRI restriction pattern in six transconjugants studied, including transconjugants obtained from the human isolate. A single hatchery, supplying chicks to the six farms, was identified. Emergence of extended-spectrum ␤-lactamase-producing S. enterica strains in food animals is a major concern, as such strains could disseminate on a large scale and lead to antibiotic therapy difficulties.

ESBL and AmpC beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae in poultry in the Czech Republic

“…Similarly, articles describing their prevalence in food animals and foods of animal original have been published in recent years (Brinas et al, 2003;Liebana et al, 2004;Weill et al, 2004;Hasman et al, 2005;Jensen et al, 2006;Wu et al, 2008).…”

Résistance aux antibiotiques chez les bactéries d’origine animale

“…Certaines de ces souches pourraient être responsables d'infections urinaires [22] ou transmettre leur gène de résistance à des souches d'entérobactéries (E. coli, Salmonella sp., Proteus sp., Klebsiella sp.) pathogènes pour l'homme [23]. La surveillance des phénotypes de résistance doit être combinée à l'identification pré-cise des génotypes de résistance et du typage clonal des souches pour déterminer la part relative de ce risque associée aux usages vétéri-naires et celle qui est associée aux pratiques médicales [32,33] (➜).…”

In vitro transference and molecular characterization of bla TEM genes in bacteria isolated from Portuguese ready-to-eat foods

“…Aiming at sequencing the bla TEM genes previously detected, 47 donor and transconjugant isolates were selected for PCR amplification with primers TEM-F and TEM-R (Weill et al 2004). The 1,080 bp amplicon corresponds to the coding region (861 bp) plus 214 bp upstream and 5 bp downstream of this region (Fig.…”

“…The pair of primers TEM-F (5 0 -ATAAAATTCTTGAAGA CGAAA-3 0 ) and TEM-R (5 0 -GACAGTTACCAATGCTT AATC-3 0 ) (Weill et al 2004) was used to amplify a 1,080 bp fragment of bla TEM genes. The amplicons with the expected size were purified from agarose gel using the AxyPrep DNA Gel Extraction kit (Axygen Biosciences, Bioron-Germany), according to the manufacturer's recommendations and eluted in 30-50 ll sterile distilled water.…”