Elution Behavior of Carbohydrates for Core-Shell Ion-Exchange Resin St-50 with Different Degrees of Cross-Linking in the Porous Shell

Abstract

Reducing the retention time in carbohydrate analysis is crucial to the development of resins for application in highperformance liquid chromatography (HPLC). In order to solve this problem a new core-shell ion-exchange resin with a thin shell layer consisting of an ion-exchanging porous shell layer on a hard polymer core was prepared for use in HPLC. The effect of the degree of cross-linking (10-55%) in the shell, wherein the core/shell monomer weight ratio was 50:50 (St-50), on the retention time and theoretical plate number (N) of the separated carbohydrates was examined. A mixture of inositol, glucose, fructose, and sucrose was separated under alkaline conditions (0.10 mol/L NaOH) at flow rates of 0.3-0.7 mL/min using St-50, which exhibited a degree of cross-linking of 40 and 55%. The retention time of carbohydrates was found to be related to the degree of cross-linking in the porous layer. The values of N for glucose, fructose, and sucrose were dependent on the degree of cross-linking at all flow rates when a 0.10 mol/L NaOH eluent was used.

Elution Behavior of Carbohydrates Using Core-Shell Ion-Exchange Resin St-70 with Different Degrees of Cross-Linking in the Porous Shell

“…From these results, the retention time of carbohydrate can be explained by the attribution by the ion-exchange capacity of these resins. St-50 and the fully porous resins were reported in Ref [33] and St-80 was reported in Ref [31]. The fully porous resin (10%) could not be synthesized.…”

“…St-80 (10, 40, and 55%) having the different cross-linking were prepared for HPLC [31]. Three core-shell ion-exchange St-50 (50:50), St-60 (40:60), and St-70 (30:70) having a constant degree of cross-linking of 55%, [32] and St-50 (10, 40, and 55%) having the different cross-linking were prepared [33]. Furthermore, an appropriate combination of shell thickness and degree of cross-linking in the porous layer is required for HPLC analysis.…”

Elution Behavior of Carbohydrates for Core-Shell Ion-Exchange Resin St-60 with Different Degrees of Cross-Linking in the Porous Shell

“…The retention times of sucrose on St-60 (10%) and St-80 (10%) were also compared in Table 1. Table 1 Retention times (min) of sucrose using St-50 (10%, 40%, and 55%) 28) , St-60 (10%, 40%, and 55%), St-80 (10%, 40%, and 55%) 26) , and fully porous resin (40% and 55% 28) ) with 0.10 mol/L NaOH eluent at flow rates of 0.3, 0.5, 0.6, and 0. that on the fully porous resins (40 and 55%) at flow rates of 0.3, 0.5, and 0.7 mL/min (Table 1). Similar tendencies were observed in the retention times of glucose and fructose at all tested flow rates.…”

“…Next, we prepared Note three resins with the same cross-linking degree of 55% and various core-shell monomer weight ratios (St-50 (50:50), St-60 (40:60), and St-70 (30:70)) to compare the retention time and N value for separating carbohydrates by HPLC 27) . Furthermore, the elution behavior of carbohydrates in St-50 with different degrees of cross-linking in the shell (10, 40, and 55%) was compared 28) .…”