Elucidating adaptive strategies from leaf anatomy: Do Amazonian savannas present xeromorphic characteristics?

Simioni, Priscila Fernanda; Eisenlohr, Pedro V.; Pessoa, Marcos José Gomes; Silva, Ivone Vieira da

doi:10.1016/j.flora.2016.11.004

Cited by 32 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…In the midrib the epidermis is unistratified, with thickened cell walls on both faces and it is covered by a thick cuticle. These characteristics were also found by Bieras and Sajo (2009), Somavilla and Graciano (2011), Ariano and Silva (2016) and Simioni et al (2017), and are common for leaves of plant species of the Amazonian savannah and Cerrado. According to Fahn and Cutler (1992), thick and lignified epidermal cell walls highlight the presence of mechanical components, further development of palisade parenchyma and projections of the cell walls and the cuticle onto the stomata.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

“…This characteristic facilitates the filtration and transfer of the incident light, which is enriched mainly with the wavelengths of blue and red light, therefore increasing the availability of light in the photosynthetically active range to the inner layers of mesophyll; this phenomenon is more accentuated in compact and thick leaves (Karabourniotis, Bornman, & Nikolopoulos, 2000). Ferreira et al (2015) and Simioni et al (2017) performed anatomical studies of woody species of savanna areas. The characteristics of a thickened cuticle, presence of trichomes, dorsiventral mesophyll, well developed palisade parenchyma, presence of a hypodermis, extended bundle sheaths, hypostomatic leaves, and stomata at the same level of other epidermal cells were common to the species of these studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…State have their own unique ecological identity due to the complexity of the Cerrado-Amazon transition region, their geographical isolation and the physicalchemical properties of the soil (Ferreira et al, 2015;Simioni, Eisenlohr, Pessoa, & Silva, 2017). Although distant and isolated geographically, Amazonian savannas share floristic similarities with the Cerrado of the Brazilian Central Highlands, although with a lower level of endemism, richness and diversity of species (Barbosa, Campos, Pinto, & Fearnside, 2007, Abadia et al, 2018.…”

Section: Savannas Of the Amazon Region Of Mato Grossomentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite of the existence of several studies about the origin and the floristic diversity of natural savannas of the Brazilian Amazon (Barbosa & Fearnside, 2005;Miranda, Martins, & Santos, 2007;Barbosa, Campos, Pinto, & Fearnside, 2007;Meneses Costa & Behling, 2013), little is known about the anatomy of the species that occur in these environments. The anatomical studies of plants have an important value in the context of taxonomy, phylogeny and ecology, since they reveal a combination of essential characters, thus contributing to a better understanding of plant adaptations to a particular environment (Somavilla & Graciano, 2011;Ferreira et al, 2015, Ariano & Silva, 2016, Simioni et al, 2017.…”

Section: Savannas Of the Amazon Region Of Mato Grossomentioning

confidence: 99%

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Leaf Anatomy of Xylopia aromatica (Lam.) Mart. (Annonaceae) occurring in a rocky savannah in the Brazilian Amazonian

Simioni

Pessoa

Cardoso

et al. 2018

Acta Sci. Biol. Sci.

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Savannas of the Amazon Region of Mato Grosso State have an unique ecological identity due to the complexity of the Cerrado-Amazon transition region, their geographical isolation and the physical-chemical properties of the soil. This study aimed to characterize the leaf anatomy of Xylopia aromatica, and to identify potential adaptive traits to the xeric environment. We collected adult leaves from X. aromatica from a Amazonian savannah located in the Nova Canãa do Norte city, Mato Grosso. The leaves were fixed and stored in 70% ethanol. Cross sections were obtained by free hand with the aid of a razor blade, stained with astra blue and basic fuchsin, and mounted on histological slides. Characters considered adaptive: thick cuticle, epidermal cells with thickened walls, the presence of silica in the epidermis, trichomes, hypostomatic leaves, stomata on the same level as the other epidermal cells, presence of hypodermis, and dorsiventral mesophyll with palisade parenchyma occupying more than 50%. The anatomical characters presented are of great importance for the establishment and development of X. aromatica in xeric environments. They contribute to the protection of the leaves from many biotic and abiotic factors to which they are subjected, thus ensuring the species survival in the savannic environment.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Savannas Of the Amazon Region Of Mato Grossomentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Savannas Of the Amazon Region Of Mato Grossomentioning

confidence: 99%

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Leaf Anatomy of Xylopia aromatica (Lam.) Mart. (Annonaceae) occurring in a rocky savannah in the Brazilian Amazonian

Simioni

Pessoa

Cardoso

et al. 2018

Acta Sci. Biol. Sci.

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“…This characteristic is also present for other Eugenia L. species (ESPOSITO-POLESI et al, 2011;MORRETES, 2009;DEFAVERI et al, 2011). The presence of sclerenchyma facilitates the filtering of light by increasing the light availability used in the photosynthesis of the innermost mesophyll layers (SIMIONI et al, 2017).…”

Section: Qualitative Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 83%

Ecological anatomy of Eugenia luschnathiana (O.Berg) Klotzsch ex B.D.Jacks. (Myrtaceae) leaves in the Restinga region, state of Ceara

et al. 2018

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Eugenia luschnathiana (O.Berg) Klotzsch ex B.D.Jacks. (Myrtaceae) species, commonly known as pitomba-da-baía, occurs in Restinga region in the state of Ceara and has medicinal potential. The present study aimed to characterize the anatomy of E. luschnathiana leaves in the rainy and dry seasons, as well as in the sun and shade in the Restinga region of Ceara, aiming to generate useful information to understand the adaptive value of morphoanatomic responses to the natural conditions of occurrence of the species. Collections were performed at the State Botanical Park of Ceara, and leaves were completely expanded and fixed in FAA70, being replaced by 70% ethanol after 24 h. Samples were submitted to standard plant anatomy methodologies in order to qualitatively and quantitatively analyze the leaf blade and petiole structures. As a result, there were differences among sun and shade leaves, rain and dry. In relation to luminosity, most determinations were higher in sun leaves: trichome density and frequency; trichome scar frequency; stomatal frequency, stomatal index, length, width and area of stomata; thickness of leaf blade, mesophyll, cuticle, epidermis, palisade and spongy parenchyma; length and width of the central vein, area of the central vein vascular bundle, number of secretory cavities in the central vein; length and width of the petiole, area of the petiole vascular bundle; amount and area of secretory cavities in the petiole. In shade leaves, only the number of druses in the central vein and petiole were larger. Regarding seasonality, all determinations were higher in the rainy season, except for the length and width of the central vein; number of druses in the central vein and petiole; length of the petiole, area of the vascular bundle and secretory cavities of the petiole. Therefore, it could be concluded that E. luschnathiana has great acclimative capacity to conditions of intense luminosity and periods of water deficit.

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Anatomical functional traits and hydraulic vulnerability of trees in different water conditions in southern Amazonia

Júnior

Marimon‐Junior

Marimon

et al. 2023

American J of Botany

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Premise Understanding tree species' responses to drought is critical for predicting the future of tropical forests, especially in regions where the climate is changing rapidly. Methods We compared anatomical and functional traits of the dominant tree species of two tropical forests in southern Amazonia, one on deep, well‐drained soils (cerradão [CD]) and one in a riparian environment (gallery forest [GF]), to examine potential anatomical indicators of resistance or vulnerability to drought. Results Leaves of CD species generally had a thicker cuticle, upper epidermis, and mesophyll than those of GF species, traits that are indicative of adaptation to water deficit. In the GF, the theoretical hydraulic conductivity of the stems was significantly higher, indicating lower investment in drought resistance. The anatomical functional traits of CD species indicate a greater potential for surviving water restriction compared to the GF. Even so, it is possible that CD species could also be affected by extreme climate changes due to the more water‐limited environment. Conclusions In addition to the marked anatomical and functional differences between these phytophysiognomies, tree diversity within each is associated with a large range of hydraulic morphofunctional niches. Our results suggest the strong potential for floristic and functional compositional shifts under continued climate change, especially in the GF.

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Elucidating adaptive strategies from leaf anatomy: Do Amazonian savannas present xeromorphic characteristics?

Cited by 32 publications

References 33 publications

<b>Leaf Anatomy of <i>Xylopia aromatica</i> (Lam.) Mart. (Annonaceae) occurring in a rocky savannah in the Brazilian Amazonian

<b>Leaf Anatomy of <i>Xylopia aromatica</i> (Lam.) Mart. (Annonaceae) occurring in a rocky savannah in the Brazilian Amazonian

Ecological anatomy of Eugenia luschnathiana (O.Berg) Klotzsch ex B.D.Jacks. (Myrtaceae) leaves in the Restinga region, state of Ceara

Anatomical functional traits and hydraulic vulnerability of trees in different water conditions in southern Amazonia

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