Element and isotope mobility during water–rock interaction processes

Corteel, Cedric; Dini, Andréa; Deyhle, Annette

doi:10.1016/j.pce.2005.06.017

Cited by 17 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The main natural processes that influence the groundwater chemistry in semi-arid/arid regions are evaporation/crystallization caused by extreme temperatures and aquifer mineral interaction by processes such as dissolution, redox condition, precipitation, leaching, ion exchange, etc. [11,36,37]. Due to lesser rainfall and a high rate of evapotranspiration, the rate of groundwater recharge is insignificant [38], resulting in salinization of groundwater [39].…”

Section: Groundwater Studies In Saudi Arabiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Groundwater Quality Studies in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: Prevalent Research and Management Dimensions

Mallick

Singh

Mesfer

et al. 2021

Water

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Groundwater is a valuable resource because it is widely used for drinking, and for domestic, agricultural, and industrial purposes. Globally, Saudi Arabia is known to be one of the driest regions with scarce water resources. The shallow groundwater near the major cities in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia is becoming polluted because of industrial effluent discharge, use of fertilizers in agriculture and domestic sewerage in the region. This review tries to focus on groundwater quality problems due to anthropogenic or geogenic sources in the region of Saudi Arabia. In this paper, we focus on different water-quality variables, for groundwater quality evaluation and aquifer vulnerability assessment due to pollutants/contaminants present in groundwater. The current study gives a holistic understanding of different groundwater quality problems and therefore identifies the gaps of the previous studies and identifies the viewpoints of the future research dimensions. We describe the different groundwater quality problems related to toxicities of the fluoride, nitrate, and heavy metals and radionuclides in Saudi Arabia. A majority of the groundwater pollutants are of natural origin, but there is significant wastewater effluent discharge in the region that is also responsible for contamination of aquifers with heavy metals.

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Section: Groundwater Studies In Saudi Arabiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Groundwater Quality Studies in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: Prevalent Research and Management Dimensions

Mallick

Singh

Mesfer

et al. 2021

Water

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“…Groundwater quality hinges on complex interactions involving water-soil-sediment dynamics, the flow system, rock types, and prevailing geochemical conditions encompassing dissolution, redox state, precipitation, leaching, ion exchange, etc. [25]. Hydrochemistry in arid aquifers is influenced by several variables such as topography, soil chemistry, watermineral interactions, and subsurface mixing of chemically diverse groundwater [26,27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hydrochemistry in arid aquifers is influenced by several variables such as topography, soil chemistry, watermineral interactions, and subsurface mixing of chemically diverse groundwater [26,27]. Primary natural processes impacting groundwater chemistry encompass rock-water interactions [25], evaporation/crystallization, and precipitation-induced dilution. Scarce rainfall and high evaporation rates in arid settings influence groundwater chemistry [28].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Groundwater Quality and Suitability Assessment for Irrigation Using Hydrogeochemical Characteristics and Pollution Indices: A Case Study of North Al-Quwayiyah Governorate, Central Saudi Arabia

Alogayell,

EL-Bana,

Abdelfattah

2023

Water

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The present work focuses on a comprehensive hydrochemical assessment of groundwater within a shallow aquifer located in the central region of Saudi Arabia. This aquifer serves as the principal source of groundwater supply for agricultural irrigation purposes. A total of twelve groundwater samples were systematically collected and subjected to thorough analysis to determine various physicochemical parameters. These parameters encompassed electrical conductivity (EC), pH, temperature, total dissolved solids (TDS), as well as concentrations of major ions. Analysis of major ion analysis was employed to elucidate the chemical attributes of groundwater within the research area. This approach facilitated an understanding of the geochemical evolution and the potential suitability of the groundwater for agriculture irrigation. The recorded range of electrical conductivity (EC) for the groundwater in this region falls between 3283 and 11,000 µS/cm, with an average value of 6709.4 µS/cm. The pH levels of the groundwater exhibited a slightly alkaline nature, ranging from 7.8 to 8.6. All sampled wells exhibited brackish water conditions (TDS > 1000 mg/L) based on TDS concentrations. The findings of this investigation demonstrated that the average ion concentration followed the order: Na+ > Ca+ > Mg2+ > K+ and Cl− > SO42− > HCO3− > NO32−. Applying Piper’s classification system, the groundwater samples were classified into two predominant categories: Ca-Cl and mix-Ca-Mg-Cl. The predominance of Ca2+ and Mg2+ over alkalis indicated mixed groundwater facies influenced by processes of reverse ion exchange and extensive interactions between water and rock formations. The distinct chemical characteristics of the groundwater were attributed to a combination of factors, including the percolation of irrigation-returned water, chemical transformations within the vadose zone, and extensive interactions with subsurface lithology. Despite major ion concentrations surpassing the permissible limits outlined by the World Health Organization (WHO) for drinking water, the assessment of quality indices was conducted to ascertain the suitability of the groundwater for irrigation purposes. These quality indices encompassed the permeability index (PI), magnesium hazard (MH), Kelly’s ratio (KR), sodium-adsorption ratio (SAR), residual sodium carbonate (RSC), sodium percentage (Na%), and magnesium ratio (MR). A meticulous evaluation of groundwater quality for agricultural utilization indicated that all sampled groundwater sources were deemed suitable for irrigation purposes.

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“…The way in which water interacts with soils and sediments, the flow path, rock types, and common geochemical conditions such as dissolved oxygen, reduced oxygen, leaching, and ion exchange all have an effect on the quality of groundwater. These are just some of the many factors that influence groundwater quality [ 10 ]. Hence, water pollution is a serious problem in the KSA, harming the sustainability of water resources, which might create an insufficient water supply for all people, even when a great number of water resources are accessible [ 11 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Groundwater Quality: The Application of Artificial Intelligence

Al-Adhaileh

Aldhyani

Alsaade

et al. 2022

Journal of Environmental and Public Health

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Humans and all other living things depend on having access to clean water, as it is an indispensable essential resource. Therefore, the development of a model that can predict water quality conditions in the future will have substantial societal and economic value. This can be accomplished by using a model that can predict future water quality circumstances. In this study, we employed a sophisticated artificial neural network (ANN) model. This study intends to develop a hybrid model of single exponential smoothing (SES) with bidirectional long short-term memory (BiLSTM) and an adaptive neurofuzzy inference system (ANFIS) to predict water quality (WQ) in different groundwater in the Al-Baha region of Saudi Arabia. Single exponential smoothing (SES) was employed as a preprocessing method to adjust the weight of the dataset, and the output from SES was processed using the BiLSTM and ANFIS models for predicting water quality. The data were randomly divided into two phases, training (70%) and testing (30%). Efficiency statistics were used to evaluate the SES-BiLSTM and SES-ANFIS models’ prediction abilities. The results showed that while both the SES-BiLSTM and SES-ANFIS models performed well in predicting the water quality index (WQI), the SES-BiLSTM model performed best with accuracy (R = 99.95% and RMSE = 0.00910) at the testing phase, where the performance of the SES-ANFIS model was R = 99.95% and RMSE = 2.2941 × 100-07. The findings support the idea that the SES-BilSTM and SES-ANFIS models can be used to predict the WQI with high accuracy, which will help to enhance WQ. The results demonstrated that the SES-BiLSTM and SES-ANFIS models’ forecasts are accurate and that both seasons’ performances are consistent. Similar investigations of groundwater quality prediction for drinking purposes should benefit from the proposed SES-BiLSTM and SES-ANFIS models. Consequently, the results demonstrate that the proposed SES-BiLSTM and SES-ANFIS models are useful tools for predicting whether the groundwater in Al-Baha city is suitable for drinking and irrigation purposes.

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Element and isotope mobility during water–rock interaction processes

Cited by 17 publications

References 13 publications

Groundwater Quality Studies in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: Prevalent Research and Management Dimensions

Groundwater Quality Studies in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: Prevalent Research and Management Dimensions

Groundwater Quality and Suitability Assessment for Irrigation Using Hydrogeochemical Characteristics and Pollution Indices: A Case Study of North Al-Quwayiyah Governorate, Central Saudi Arabia

Groundwater Quality: The Application of Artificial Intelligence

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