Electrospinning of Cellulose Acetate Phthalate from Different Solvent Systems

Abstract

Electrospinning of cellulose acetate phthalate (CAP) has been performed from an acetone−water mixture 85/15 (v/v), 2-methoxyethanol, and a 2-methoxyethanol−acetone−water mixture 50/42.5/7.5 (v/v/v). It has been observed that, at low polymer concentration (12.5%, w/v), a solution in an acetone−water mixture 85/15 (v/v) gave uniform fibers with diameters lower than 500 nm, whereas in 2-methoxyethanol fine particles that look like void hemispheres were obtained. The morphology of the electrospun CAP from this solvent gradually changed by increasing the polymer concentration and beaded fibers and fibers without beads have been produced from solutions of 25% (w/v) and 35% (w/v), respectively. Smooth filaments with no beads and diameters of about 600 nm could be obtained from a solution of CAP in the ternary system 2-methoxyethanol−acetone−water 50/42.5/7.5 (v/v/v) at a polymer concentration of 25% (w/v). The electrospinnability of CAP from 2-methoxyethanol-containing solvents was better than that from the acetone−water mixture 85/15 (v/v).

Preparation, characterization, and in vitro diffusion study of nonwoven electrospun nanofiber of curcumin-loaded cellulose acetate phthalate polymer

“…Earlier reports on CAP nanofiber fabrication have discussed the usage of various solvent systems such as mixtures of acetone/water (85:15 at 15 wt% CAP), 2-methoxyethanol, 2-methoxyethanol/acetone/water (50:42.5:7.5 at 25% CAP), acetone/ethanol (9:1), DMF/THF/acetone (3:3:4), THF/acetone (1:1), THF/ethanol (1:1), and chloroform/methanol (1:1) (Olaru and Olaru, 2010, Shrestha et al, 2016). With a simple acetone/water mixture, the fabricated fiber had a twisted, rough morphology, while the 2-methoxy ethanol combination resulted in smooth fiber morphology but required higher CAP concentrations to attain the viscosity required for spinning (Olaru and Olaru, 2010). Shrestha et al (2016) also suggested the use of an acetone/ethanol (9:1) system with 15% polymer produced fiber for good morphology; however, the structure they observed showed beads and rough surfaces over the nanofiber.…”

“…In addition to these amalgamations, CUR also has the ability to hasten wound closure by rapid re-epithelialization of the epidermis and exodus of cells such as macrophages, fibroblasts, and myofibroblasts from wound surfaces (Rajesh et al, 2013). Various CUR-loaded transdermal systems have been reported (Patel et al, 2009a, Patel et al, 2009b, Olaru and Olaru, 2010); however, to our knowledge, there have been no studies on NF-based transdermal delivery systems for CUR-loaded formulations.…”

Controlled Morphology and Mechanical Characterisation of Electrospun Cellulose Acetate Fibre Webs

“…Satisfactory spinning conditions could not be established for acetone : water in ratios of 17 : 3 (85 : 15) under the given experimental conditions [10,22]. The solubility of CA in acetone : water is affected by the relative concentration of solvents such that the spinning solution could not be satisfactorily produced in a ratio of 4 : 1 (80 : 20) due to the precipitation of CA (Table 1).…”

Producing hybrid nanofiber‐based on /PAN/Fe3O4/zeolite/nettle plant extract/urease and a deformed coaxial natural polymer to reduce toxicity materials in the blood of dialysis patients

“…3 Nowadays, electrospinning methods are noticeably being used in health-care industries especially in drug delivery filtration and water purification. 10,11 Polyurethane (PU) is a suitable candidate for hemodialysis-membrane requirements and they are widely used in biomedical fields and also in artificial hearts, which is biocompatible with the blood stream of humans. The majority of drugs and enzymes used in dispersing solution are made by hybrid.…”

“…It has high biodegradability in medical science. 10,11 Polyurethane (PU) is a suitable candidate for hemodialysis-membrane requirements and they are widely used in biomedical fields and also in artificial hearts, which is biocompatible with the blood stream of humans. 12 In the human body, when we use amines from food, urea will be produced as the waste and urease enzyme, which have been recommended for urea elimination in kidney failure patients can be immobilized in several ways on the nanofibers.…”