Electrophysiological and Behavioral Responses ofChrysopa phyllochroma(Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) to Plant Volatiles

Abstract

The lacewing Chrysopa phyllochroma Waesmael is a polyphagous predator of many pests. Releasing lacewings is an important component of biological control programs, but it is difficult to establish populations on field crops. Electrophysiological and behavioral responses to 10 common plant volatiles were recorded to screen for lacewing-attracting compounds. Electroantennographic assays indicated that all of the tested compounds elicited responses from C. phyllochroma. Three green-leaf volatiles-(E)-2-hexenal, (Z)-3-hexenyl acetate, and (Z)-3-hexenol-produced the strongest responses. Weaker responses were observed to six terpenes-ocimene, linalool, (3E)-4,8-dimethyl-1,3,7-nonatriene, (E,E)-α-farnesene, limonene, and nerolidol-and to methyl salicylate. Using a Y-tube olfactometer, the behavioral assays of the eight most active compounds demonstrated that four-(Z)-3-hexenyl acetate, (Z)-3-hexenol, (3E)-4,8-dimethyl-1,3,7-nonatriene, and linalool-were significant attractants for C. phyllochroma at specific concentrations. Three common plant volatile compounds-(Z)-3-hexenyl acetate, (3E)-4,8-dimethyl-1,3,7-nonatriene, and linalool-were also found to significantly enhance female ovipositing, resulting in a concentration of eggs. These observations are important for lacewing release as a pest control measure because they suggest means for retaining individuals and establishing populations using common plant volatiles.

Three odorant binding proteins may regulate the behavioural response of Chrysopa pallens to plant volatiles and the aphid alarm pheromone (E)‐β‐farnesene

“…Artificial lacewing release is a well‐known method for suppressing aphids (Zhang et al ., ), but it is difficult to establish lacewing populations in the field. Previous studies have reported that plant‐derived compounds, pest‐induced volatiles and aphid alarm pheromones are used by predators and parasitoids as foraging cues (Al Abassi et al ., ; Xu et al ., ). Plant volatiles, caryophyllene, 2‐phenylethanol, methyl salicylate and benzaldehyde, and aphid sex pheromone compounds, including enantiomers of nepetalactol and nepetalactone, attract lacewings (Boo et al ., ; Hooper et al ., ; Koczor et al ., ).…”

Effects of trans‐2‐hexenal on reproduction, growth and behaviour and efficacy against the pinewood nematode, Bursaphelenchus xylophilus

“…According to Miao et al , trans ‐2‐hexenal (2.62 µL L −1 ) has activity against second‐stage juveniles of both Meloidogyne incognita and Heterodera avenae with fumigation. Moreover, trans ‐2‐hexenal affects electrophysiological responses in Chrysopa phyllochroma (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) and Bradysia odoriphaga (Diptera: Sciaridae) . However, the mode of action of trans ‐2‐hexenal against nematodes has yet to be determined.…”

“…Moreover, trans-2-hexenal affects electrophysiological responses in Chrysopa phyllochroma (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) and Bradysia odoriphaga (Diptera: Sciaridae). 17,18 However, the mode of action of trans-2-hexenal against nematodes has yet to be determined.…”

Floral Volatiles from Vigna unguiculata Are Olfactory and Gustatory Stimulants for Oviposition by the Bean Pod Borer Moth Maruca vitrata

“…In fact, oviposition behavior influenced by one or several common plant volatile compounds has been found in many insects, such as the Mediterranean fruit fly Ceratitis capitata [58,59], and the moths Helicoverpa armigera , Spodoptera litura , and Chilo partellus [60,61]. For example, common plant volatile compounds (Z)-3-hexenyl acetate, (3E)-4,8-dimethyl-1,3,7-nonatriene, and linalool were found to significantly enhance female oviposition of Chrysopa phyllochroma [62]. Manduca sexta females oviposited more on plants emitting (−)-linalool (alone or in mixtures) than control plants, while plants emitting (+)-linalool (alone or in mixtures) were less preferred than control plants [63].…”