Electronically tunable magnetic patch antennas with metal magnetic films

Sun, Nian X.; Wang, J.W.; Daigle, A.; Pettiford, C.; Mosallaei, Hossein; Vittoria, C.

doi:10.1049/el:20070560

Cited by 37 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Many techniques in the last few years have been proposed toward frequency reconfigurable antennas, including switching devices [1]- [3], variable capacitance devices [4], mechanical or micromechanical tunable devices [5], and tunable materials [6], [7]. Both mechanical and electrical devices require complicated structures which degrade the radiation performance due to their parasitic effect.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are also some elaborate designs for reconfigurable liquid metal antenna [8], [9], but the merging process is irreversible. Some typical designs are realized based on liquid crystal materials [6] or ferromagnetic materials [7]. However, the frequency tunability of liquid crystal materials is limited, even though the tuning process is simple.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Frequency Reconfigurable Microstrip Antenna Based on $({\rm Ba}, {\rm Sr}){\rm TiO}_{3}$ Substrate

Wang

Liu²,

et al. 2015

IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat.

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A novel frequency reconfigurable microstrip antenna based on (BST) substrate is presented. Compared to the complicated structures in traditional reconfigurable antennas, our work is featured by a quite concise design. A theoretical model is proposed to calculate the initial antenna parameters. Both the simulation and the experiment indicate that the coupled aperture structure can efficiently overcome impedance mismatch of BST substrate and obtain a frequency tunability of 10% in Ku band by a DC electric field changing from 0 to 10 m. Besides, similar radiation patterns are obtained in the operating band for both the E plane and H plane. Our study shows that the using of BST material on the frequency reconfigurable antenna is promising, and can be easily extended to reconfigurable antenna arrays.Index Terms-BST substrate, DC electric field, frequency reconfigurable antenna, ku band.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Frequency Reconfigurable Microstrip Antenna Based on $({\rm Ba}, {\rm Sr}){\rm TiO}_{3}$ Substrate

Wang

Liu²,

et al. 2015

IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat.

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“…To address these disadvantages and decide the performance and SOH of a battery rapidly, a micro-device was developed to detect signals induced by a wireless microwave charging module with a developed capacitor charged by LIBs. Generally, antennas used in wireless microwave charging modules have been fabricated using coils [22] and etching technology (i.e., flexible printed circuit, FPC) [23,24], as shown in the summary comparing technology for fabricating antennas (Table 1). An antenna fabricated using coils and an etching method has several disadvantages such as long fabrication time, complex procedures, large volume, and the necessity of a pattern mask, reducing the variability of the antenna.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

State-of-health meter fabricated using ultraviolet laser system for rapid evaluation of lithium-ion batteries

et al. 2015

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incomparable advantages over other rechargeable batteries, including a higher energy density, fewer maintenance requirements, a higher nominal voltage, and lower self-discharge rate; thus, the LIB is regarded as one of the most promising energy solutions. However, its performance deteriorates with time because of impacts from aging and its operating environment. Battery failure may result in serious, sometimes catastrophic, consequences. Therefore, it is desirable to estimate the state of health (SOH) of a battery to predict how soon it will fail or void the guarantee of satisfactory performance.The aging of lithium (Li)-ion cells is a critical factor in all applications that employ this type of battery. Aging impacts battery performance [1] and, hence, modifies considerably the output parameters such as the SOH and state of charge (SOC). Electrochemical and electrical researchers use electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurements to examine aging. The EIS measurements provide electrochemical researchers with information about the kinetics in the electrodes (e.g., Li + diffusion rate) [2], information that assists the electrical researcher to ensure an accurate equivalent circuit of the battery. This common measurement technique has been studied for almost all battery chemistries, not only for the SOC but also for SOH determination [3,4].Typical methods of SOC estimation include amperehour counting (e.g., Coulomb counting), inverse nonlinear mapping from the open circuit voltage to the SOC, which includes the Kalman filter (KF) [5] and its extensions [6-8], methods based on artificial neural networks [9], and methods based on fuzzy logic [10]. Because the KF method cannot be used directly for the state prediction of a nonlinear system, methods based on the extended Kalman filter (EKF) [6,7] and unscented Kalman filter (UKF) [11] are the most widely used. However, the EKF must compute the Jacobian matrix and is generally not suitable for highly nonlinear systems with non-Gaussian noise. Similarly, the Abstract This study involved developing a meter for rapidly evaluating the state of health (SOH) of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). The key component was a magnetic induction antenna (MIA) module with an interdigital pattern fabricated using a 355-nm pulsed ultraviolet laser system. For inducing high voltage from the LIB to the MIA module for evaluating the SOH, interdigital patterns of four line widths (i.e., 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, and 1.0 mm) were designed. The experimental results indicate that patterns with wider lines induce higher voltages. However, patterns using the 0.75-mm line offer optimal SOH measurements, because those with the 1.0-mm line yielded lower power storage. The optimal operating frequency for enhancing SOH identification was found to be 700 kHz. In addition, this study established an empirical equation for expressing the relationship between the induced voltage and SOH of LIBs.

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“…However, it has been challenging to synthesize self-biased magnetic antenna substrate materials for the frequencies above 600 MHz due to the well-known Snoek limit [10]. Recently, magnetic thin films have shown an ability to overcome this problem, obtaining µ r greater than one [11][12][13] and operating frequencies > 1 GHz. Self-biased magnetization with high ferromagnetic resonant frequencies (FMR) up to several GHz are achieved by the strong demagnetization fields of magnetic films.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This property is necessary for microwave devices [12,13]. In the literature, ferromagnetic thin films have been utilized in order to tune the operating frequency of a patch antenna [6,7,11,13], and to obtain enhanced bandwidth [11] and increased gain [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Utilization of Screen Printed Low Curing Temperature Cobalt Nanoparticle Ink for Miniaturization of Patch Antennas

Nelo¹,

Palukuru²,

Juuti³

et al. 2012

PIER

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Abstract-This investigation is one of the first steps towards the realization of low-cost, mass producible, miniaturized antenna solutions utilizing screen printed magnetic thick films of cobalt nanoparticle ink. The ink has a curing temperature lower than 125 • C, feasible printing characteristics and metal loading higher than 85 wt.%. The properties are achieved by using an oxidatively polymerising natural fatty acid, linoleic acid, both as a surfactant and a binder. DSC-TGA-MS-analysis, TEM and SEM microscopies were utilized to investigate ink composition, nanoparticle coating and print quality. The resonant frequency of a microstrip patch antenna was tuned by screen printing of cobalt nanoparticle ink with different layer thicknesses on top of the antenna element. The influence of magnetic layers on resonance frequency, return loss, total efficiency and radiation pattern was measured and compared with a reference antenna without the magnetic films. For example, five layers of magnetic film (52 µm total thickness) tuned the resonance frequency (2.49 GHz) of the patch antenna by 68 MHz. The radiation efficiency of the patch antenna was increased from 39% to 43% by the loading of a 52 µm thick magnetic film compared to the reference antenna. The radiation patterns remained essentially unchanged, despite the presence of the magnetic thick films.

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Electronically tunable magnetic patch antennas with metal magnetic films

Cited by 37 publications

References 5 publications

A Frequency Reconfigurable Microstrip Antenna Based on $({\rm Ba}, {\rm Sr}){\rm TiO}_{3}$ Substrate

A Frequency Reconfigurable Microstrip Antenna Based on $({\rm Ba}, {\rm Sr}){\rm TiO}_{3}$ Substrate

State-of-health meter fabricated using ultraviolet laser system for rapid evaluation of lithium-ion batteries

Utilization of Screen Printed Low Curing Temperature Cobalt Nanoparticle Ink for Miniaturization of Patch Antennas

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