Electron Spin Resonance in Semiconductors

Ludwig, Günther; Woodbury, H. H.

doi:10.1016/s0081-1947(08)60458-0

Cited by 353 publications

(106 citation statements)

References 150 publications

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“…The absence of paramagnetic cobalt-containing centers in as-grown diamonds can be explained using the Ludwig-Woodbury theory [24]. As expected, in as-grown diamond, substitutional cobalt defects formed.…”

Section: Cobalt-containing Centers In Diamondsupporting

confidence: 52%

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Incorporation of Large Impurity Atoms into the Diamond Crystal Lattice: EPR of Split-Vacancy Defects in Diamond

2017

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Diamond is a unique mineral widely used in diverse fields due to its remarkable properties. The development of synthesis technology made it possible to create diamond-based semiconductor devices. In addition, doped diamond can be used as single photon emitters in various luminescence applications. Different properties are the result of the presence of impurities or intrinsic defects in diamond. Thus, the investigation of the defect formation process is of particular interest. Although hydrogen, nitrogen, and boron have been known to form different point defects, the possibility for large impurity atoms to incorporate into the diamond crystal structure has been questioned for a long time. In the current paper, the paramagnetic nickel split-vacancy defect in diamond is described, and the further investigation of nickel-, cobalt-, titanium-, phosphorus-, silicon-, and germanium-related defects is discussed.

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Section: Cobalt-containing Centers In Diamondsupporting

confidence: 52%

“…The electronic state of nickel-nitrogen centers was described by Ludwig-Woodbury formalism (Figure 2), which was designed for transition metal ions in silicon [24]. Considering the W8 center, nickel should donate four of its 10 electrons to form bonds with four neighboring atoms.…”

Section: Specific Features Of the Formation Of Nitrogen-nickel Defectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incorporation of Large Impurity Atoms into the Diamond Crystal Lattice: EPR of Split-Vacancy Defects in Diamond

2017

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“…24 Thus, we conclude that the majority of the Mn is substituted for Zn in the nanocrystal. Although signals from lower symmetry sites (e.g., at or near the surface) are also present in our samples, it is much smaller.…”

Section: Report Documentation Pagementioning

confidence: 67%

High-Quality Manganese-Doped ZnSe Nanocrystals

Norris¹,

et al. 2000

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We demonstrate high-quality, highly fluorescent, ZnSe colloidal nanocrystals (or quantum dots) that are doped with paramagnetic Mn 2+ impurities. We present luminescence, magnetic circular dichroism (MCD), and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) measurements to confirm that the Mn impurities are embedded inside the nanocrystal. Optical measurements show that by exciting the nanocrystal, efficient emission from Mn is obtained, with a quantum yield of 22% at 295 K and 75% below 50 K (relative to Stilbene 420). MCD spectra reveal an experimental Zeeman splitting in the first excited state that is large (28 meV at 2.5 T), depends on doping concentration, and saturates at modest fields. In the low field limit, the magnitude of the effective g factor is 430 times larger than in undoped nanocrystals. EPR experiments exhibit a six-line spectrum with a hyperfine splitting of 60.4 × 10 -4 cm -1 , consistent with Mn substituted at Zn sites in the cubic ZnSe lattice.Nanometer-scale semiconductor crystallites, also referred to as nanocrystals or quantum dots, have been extensively studied to explore their unique properties and potential applications. 1 Interesting behavior arises in these materials due to the confinement of optically excited electron-hole pairs by the crystallite boundary. However, while the basic explanation of this phenomenon, known as the quantum size effect, was provided early in the investigation of these materials, 2-4 a detailed understanding required the advent of high-quality colloidal nanocrystals, which were uniform in size, shape, crystallinity, and surface passivation. Once such materials became available, 5 tremendous progress was made in a variety of physical studies. Consequently, many of the properties of semiconductor nanocrystals are now understood in detail. 1 In addition, high-quality crystallites have led to more complicated nanocrystal-based structures, such as quantum-dot solids, 6 light-emitting devices, 7 and even photonic crystals. 8 These successes have encouraged researchers to go beyond pure nanocrystals and investigate particles that are intention-*

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“…On the other hand, it is well known that Fe can be quenched in the interstitial state following high-temperature annealing. 2,3,9 Although all our samples were cooled slowly it might therefore be that the pronounced interstitial fraction of Fe simply represents quenched interstitial Fe which remains after the near-substitutional Fe complexes have broken up, interstitial Fe has been diffusing a short distance in the sample and the sample is cooled to room temperature again. What is not in favor of this interpretation, however, is the fact that the interstitial Fe is clearly displaced around 0.3-0.8 Å from the ideal T position.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…9 Based on these EPR observations most theoretical approaches focused on iron on ideal tetrahedral interstitial sites ͑see Refs. 10-14 and references therein͒, but, with the exception of Feacceptor pairs, 15 never in a configuration of symmetry lower than T d .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%