Electron Emission of Graphene-Diamond Hybrid Films Using Paraffin Wax as Diamond Seeding Source

Abstract

We present a scalable, reproducible and economic process for the fabrication of diamond and diamond-graphene hybrid films using paraffin wax as a seeding source for diamond. The films were characterized using Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS). Raman spectra show the characteristic band of diamond at 1332 cm<sup>-1</sup> and the D, G, and 2D bands of graphene at 1360, 1582 and 2709 cm<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. Electron microscopy confirms the microcrystalline nature of the diamond films with crystal size in the range of 0.5 μm to 1.0 μm, and the hybrid film consists of microcrystalline diamond attached to thin, semi-transparent graphene flakes. The graphene-diamond hybrid films exhibit a turn-on field of about 3.6 V/μm with a prolonged current stability of at least 135 h

Boron-Doped Nanocrystalline Diamond–Carbon Nanospike Hybrid Electron Emission Source

“…Consequently, combining different nanoscale carbon materials to synthesize a hybrid material is considered to be an effective route to achieve enhanced FEE characteristics compared with a single nanocarbon material. Varshney et al have fabricated a layered graphene−diamond hybrid that achieves a turn-on field of 3.8 V/μm and a long-lasting stable FEE current of 0.1 mA over 135 h. 15 CNTs−carbon nanoflake hybrid balls with a low turn-on field of 1.77 V/μm were successfully synthesized by Chang et al 16 Microcrystalline diamond/CNT double-layered pyramid arrays acquire a low turn-on field of 2.84 V/μm and a long lifetime above 100 h. 17 Chang et al have coated nitrogendoped diamond on CNTs that display a low turn-on field of 3.58 V/μm and noticeably improved the robustness of CNTs. 18 Yuge et al described a low turn-on field of 12 kV cm −1 for single-walled CNTs grown on single-walled carbon nanohorn aggregates.…”