Electron-Beam-Driven Structure Evolution of Single-Layer MoTe<sub>2</sub> for Quantum Devices

Lehnert, Tibor; Ghorbani‐Asl, Mahdi; Köster, Janis; Lee, Zhongbo; Krasheninnikov, Arkady V.; Kaiser, Ute

doi:10.1021/acsanm.9b00616

Cited by 45 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 49 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Continuous electron bombardment at high accelerating voltages usually induces structural modifications by elastic knock‐on collisions, breakage of ionic bonds by inelastic radiolysis reaction, or other phenomena such as heating and electrostatic interactions. [ 8 , 9 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 ] In 2D TMDs under a relatively low accelerating voltage, the radiolysis interaction between electrons of sample atoms and electron beam occurs dominantly, preferentially accompanying the sublimation of chalcogen ions. [ 3 , 25 ] This radiation‐induced change is known to appear as a threshold phenomenon depending on the total electron dose, and can be used as a means of point defect engineering and for fundamental studies of structural response under harsh irradiation environments.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deep Learning‐Assisted Quantification of Atomic Dopants and Defects in 2D Materials

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Atomic dopants and defects play a crucial role in creating new functionalities in 2D transition metal dichalcogenides (2D TMDs). Therefore, atomic‐scale identification and their quantification warrant precise engineering that widens their application to many fields, ranging from development of optoelectronic devices to magnetic semiconductors. Scanning transmission electron microscopy with a sub‐Å probe has provided a facile way to observe local dopants and defects in 2D TMDs. However, manual data analytics of experimental images is a time‐consuming task, and often requires subjective decisions to interpret observed signals. Therefore, an approach is required to automate the detection and classification of dopants and defects. In this study, based on a deep learning algorithm, fully convolutional neural network that shows a superior ability of image segmentation, an efficient and automated method for reliable quantification of dopants and defects in TMDs is proposed with single‐atom precision. The approach demonstrates that atomic dopants and defects are precisely mapped with a detection limit of ≈1 × 1012 cm−2, and with a measurement accuracy of ≈98% for most atomic sites. Furthermore, this methodology is applicable to large volume of image data to extract atomic site‐specific information, thus providing insights into the formation mechanisms of various defects under stimuli.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deep Learning‐Assisted Quantification of Atomic Dopants and Defects in 2D Materials

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…[114] In addition, several other fabrication technologies have been implemented in plasmonic structures with sub-nanometer gaps; [115] several of these have not yet been applied to plasmonic structures but offer adequate potential to form subnanometer gaps in plasmonic structures. [116,117] As discussed, our understanding of the fabrication technologies that generate sub-nanometer gaps-and thus facilitate the observation of quantum mechanical effects-has grown rapidly. However, numerous problems remain; in the future, these technologies will be expanded in more diverse and precise ways.…”

Section: Technique Resolution Configuration Gap Materials Principlementioning

confidence: 99%

Quantum Plasmonics: Energy Transport Through Plasmonic Gap

2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), [5,6] atomic force microscopy (AFM), [7] and other techniques allowing resolution to be reduced to the atomic scale can help realize atomic-scale world exploration. This is the starting point of the nanotechnology era; since its inception, this technology has changed the nature of almost every human-made object. Six decades after Richard Feynman's lecture, we find that there is still plenty of room at the bottom, through the incorporation of nanophotonics. [8] To elucidate: quantum plasmonics has emerged as an attractive research field in new nanophotonics; research is underway to reveal and accurately describe the quantum nature of electrons at the bottom of extremely confined nano-or sub-nanometer scale materials, using light. [9,10] By exploring the quantum mechanical interactions of matter with light (in particular, using the coherent interactions between the plasmonic cavity and the material), [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] these efforts seek to establish new frontiers in information processing technology and to satisfy the everincreasing requirements for speed and capacity in quantum computing, quantum cryptography, and quantum metrology. They might also suggest research fields beyond this, involving the ultimate miniaturization of photonic components and the extreme limits of the light-matter interaction. These advantages may help solve some fundamental problems of electronics, such as those of bandwidth, frequency, and energy consumption. [19] In this review, we describe recent developments in the research of exotic materials capable of mediating quantum plasmonics and inducing quantum energy transport. We briefly provide classical and quantum descriptions of matter, from the bulk, nano, and cluster scales down to atomic matter, exploring the band structures via their optical responses. By considering a single nanoplasmonic material, we describe the theoretical and experimental findings pertaining to assembled nanoplasmonic structures, in the context of the plasmonic gap distance and the type of advanced functional material. The plasmonic gap herein refers to a nanometer or sub-nanometer gap that transports (couples, tunnels, exchanges, confines) electromagnetic energy between plasmonic resonators. Advanced functional materials within an extremely confined metallic resonator are described; these include air/vacuum, aliphatic and conjugated molecules, 2D materials, organic and inorganic materials with At the interfaces of metal and dielectric materials, strong light-matter interactions excite surface plasmons; this allows electromagnetic field confinement and enhancement on the sub-wavelength scale. Such phenomena have attracted considerable interest in the field of exotic material-based nanophotonic research, with potential applications including nonlinear spectroscopies, information processing, single-molecule sensing, organic-molecule devices, and plasmon chemistry. These innovative plasmonics-based technologies can meet the ever-increasing demands for speed and ca...

show abstract

“…To secure sub-Ångström resolution, high image contrast, and to avoid ballistic damage to the MoTe 2 single layer during imaging, we performed our experiments using the spherical and chromatic aberration-corrected SALVE (sub-Ångström low-voltage electron microscopy) instrument operated at 40 kV [5,6,7,8,9]. In earlier studies, we reported about electron-beam-induced evolution of single Te vacancies into tetravacancies exhibiting magnetic properties [10]. Here, we study in-situ the dynamics and the temporal lifetime of Te vacancies of various defect configurations in the single-layer 1H-MoTe 2 .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Electron-beam-stimulated Atomic Migration Processes in Single-layer MoTe₂

et al. 2020

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Electron-Beam-Driven Structure Evolution of Single-Layer MoTe₂ for Quantum Devices

Cited by 45 publications

References 49 publications

Deep Learning‐Assisted Quantification of Atomic Dopants and Defects in 2D Materials

Deep Learning‐Assisted Quantification of Atomic Dopants and Defects in 2D Materials

Quantum Plasmonics: Energy Transport Through Plasmonic Gap

Electron-beam-stimulated Atomic Migration Processes in Single-layer MoTe₂

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Electron-Beam-Driven Structure Evolution of Single-Layer MoTe2 for Quantum Devices

Cited by 45 publications

References 49 publications

Deep Learning‐Assisted Quantification of Atomic Dopants and Defects in 2D Materials

Deep Learning‐Assisted Quantification of Atomic Dopants and Defects in 2D Materials

Quantum Plasmonics: Energy Transport Through Plasmonic Gap

Electron-beam-stimulated Atomic Migration Processes in Single-layer MoTe2

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Electron-Beam-Driven Structure Evolution of Single-Layer MoTe₂ for Quantum Devices

Electron-beam-stimulated Atomic Migration Processes in Single-layer MoTe₂