Abstract— The commercial success of monochrome electronic paper (e‐Paper) is now propelling the development of next‐generation flexible, video, and color e‐Paper products. Unlike the early battles in the 1980s and 1990s between transmissive and emissive display technologies, there is a extraordinary diversity of technologies vying to become the next generation of e‐Paper. A critical review of all major e‐Paper technologies, including a technical breakdown of the performance limitations based on device physics and commentary on possible future breakthroughs, is presented. In addition, the visual requirements for color e‐Paper are provided and compared to standards used in conventional print. It is concluded that researchers have much work remaining in order to bridge the significant gap between reflective electronic displays and print‐on‐paper.
Hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) has gained great attention as a two-dimensional material, along with graphene. In this work, high-quality h-BN monolayers were grown in wafer scale (7 × 7 cm(2)) on Cu substrates by using low-pressure chemical vapor deposition (LPCVD). We created h-BN monolayers that were free of polymeric aminoborane (BH2NH2) nanoparticles, which are undesirable by-products of the ammonia borane precursor, by employing a simple filtering system in the CVD process. The optical band gap of 6.06 eV and sharp and symmetric Raman peak measured at 1371 cm(-1) indicate the synthesis of monolayer h-BN. In addition, spherical aberration (CS)-corrected high-resolution transmission electron microscopic images confirm the production of a single-layer hexagonal array of boron and nitrogen atoms.
A highly stretchable and reliable, transparent and conductive entangled graphene mesh network (EGMN) exhibits an interconnected percolation network, as usually shown in 1D nanowires, but with the electrical, mechanical, and thermal properties of 2D graphene. The unique combination of the 2D material properties and the network structure of wrinkled, waved, and crumpled graphene enables the EGMN to demonstrate excellent electrical reliability, mechanical durability, and thermal stability, even under harsh environmental and external conditions such as very high temperature, humidity, bending, and stretching. Specifically, after 100 000 cycles of bending with radius of 2 mm, the EGMN maintains its resistance similar to its initial value. The EGMN shows a steady monotonic response in resistance to strain cycles of 50 000 times with nearly constant gauge factors of 0.76, 1.67, and 2.55 at 10%, 40%, and 70% strains, respectively. Moreover, the EGMN shows very little change in resistance with the temperature increasing up to 1000 °C, by in situ thermal analysis with transmission electron microscopy and also by long-term stability testing at 70 °C and 70% relative humidity for 30 d. These results demonstrate that this novel entangled graphene mesh network can significantly broaden the application areas for various types of wearable and stretchable devices.
In order to detect microRNAs (miRNAs), we developed a colorimetric sensing method on the basis of the plasmonic coupling effect. Gold nanoplasmonic particles (GNPs) are assembled in a core-satellite configuration in the presence of target miRNA, inducing remarkable changes in the scattering color and spectra at the picomolar level with selectivity.
A novel architecture and proprietary electrically addressable inks have been developed to provide disruptive, print-like full color reflective digital media solutions based on an electrokinetic technology platform. The thin, flexible, low-power, reflective electronic media is fabricated with a new roll-to-roll manufacturing platform. Here we demonstrate the integration of this media with multi-component oxide (MCO) thin-film transistor (TFT) backplane for an active matrix reflective electronic display.
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