Electron Beam Cold Hearth Melting and Refining(EB-CHR) of Refractory Metals.

Abstract

Pre-heated ingot was upset along the solidification direction until cracks occurred on the ingot surface, and the forging limit in upsetting and reduction in height at the initiation of cracking was measured.

Studies on the synthesis and characterization of a molybdenum-based alloy

“…Similarly, carbon in the charge was also varied from 50 to 100 wt.% excess of requisite amount for its proper loading in the final TZC alloy (Run nos. [2][3][4][5][6][7][8]. In the experiment no.6, the charge composition containing 10 wt.% excess aluminium, 4 g TiO 2 , 1.33 g ZrO 2 , 1 g carbon and 10 g CaO had led to the satisfactory alloy yield of 84 wt.% with excellent slag-metal separation and alloy consolidation.…”

“…Hence, excess TiO 2 and ZrO 2 were appropriately added in the thermite charge for proper loading of these components in the resultant TZC alloy (Run nos. [3][4][5][6][7][8]. Similarly, carbon in the charge was also varied from 50 to 100 wt.% excess of requisite amount for its proper loading in the final TZC alloy (Run nos.…”

Preparation of 5N grade tantalum by electron beam melting

“…Although, Ar/Ar-H 2 plasma arc melting (PAM) can refine tantalum without a considerable evaporation loss, when compared to EBM, the later technique has the main advantage of removing interstitial and metallic impurities quickly resulting in considerable reduction process time. A few investigations on electron beam refining processes of tantalum metal have been reported so far [15,16] tantalum by electron beam melting using glow discharge mass spectrometry (GDMS). The GDMS analytical technique is a non-destructive analytical method and uses no chemicals for dissolution and also the detection limits below 0.01 ppm level can be achieved for most of the impurity elements and it can also be used to determine the trace impurity elements quantitatively in the crude as well as refined tantalum matrix [17][18][19].…”