Electrolyte Disorders Associated With Cancer

Rosner, Mitchell H.; Dalkin, Alan C.

doi:10.1053/j.ackd.2013.05.005

Cited by 101 publications

(86 citation statements)

References 76 publications

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“…Las características que sugieren el diagnóstico de SIADH son las siguientes: sodio urinario superior a 40 mmol/L o una osmolalidad urinaria superior a 100 mOsm/kg de agua, con función tiroidea normal y cortisol sérico normal (3, 62). Este síndrome se ha vinculado más frecuentemente con cáncer de pulmón de células pequeñas, pero también se ha encontrado en tumores del tubo digestivo -los más frecuentes son los de esófago, estómago, pán-creas, duodeno, colon y recto- (62,(64)(65)(66).…”

Section: Síndromes Paraneoplásicos Hematológicosunclassified

Síndromes paraneoplásicos en tumores gastrointestinales. Revisión de tema

Paez

Regino

et al. 2017

Rev. Colomb. Gastroenterol.

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ResumenLos síndromes paraneoplásicos representan manifestaciones clínicas que producen los tumores en sitios distantes a ellos y que no están relacionadas físicamente con ellos ni con sus metástasis. Diferentes tumores gastrointestinales pueden presentar síndromes o manifestaciones sistémicas, dermatológicas, hematológi-cas, renales y neurológicas, entre otras. Aquí se ofrece una revisión de esas distintas manifestaciones. Palabras claveSíndrome paraneoplásico, gastrointestinal, tumores. AbstractParaneoplastic syndromes produce tumors at sites distant from themselves and are not physically related to those tumors or to their metastases. Various gastrointestinal tumors may present syndromes or systemic, dermatological, hematological, renal, neurological and other manifestations. This study reviews these manifestations. KeywordsParaneoplastic syndrome, gastrointestinal, tumors.Revisión de tema DOI: https://doi.org/10.22516/25007440.155 INTRODUCCIÓNLos síndromes paraneoplásicos (SPN) son un grupo heterogéneo de manifestaciones clínicas que se producen cuando un tumor provoca un daño en un órgano o sistema distante y que no están relacionadas físicamente con el tumor o sus metástasis (1). Esas alteraciones son independientes del efecto local del tumor, la invasión a otros órga-nos, los déficits nutricionales y las consecuencias derivadas del tratamiento antineoplásico (1, 2). La gran variedad de manifestaciones clínicas es secundaria a la liberación de sustancias por parte de las células neoplásicas malignas (2) que liberan hormonas, péptidos similares a hormonas, factores de crecimiento y citoquinas (1, 2, 3). Adicionalmente, también participan respuestas inmunitarias que, inicialmente, estaban dirigidas contra las nuevas sustancias o antígenos tumorales (oncoantígenos) y que, por reacción cruzada, terminan lesionando tejidos normales (3, 4) y, finalmente, acumulando complejos inmunes (5). Los diferentes SPN se dividen según el órgano o sistema al que afecten y, clásicamente, se clasifican en endocrinometabólicos, dermatológicos, hematológicos, reumatológicos y neurológicos (3). En la presente revisión, se describen los SPN producidos por tumores gastrointestinales (GI).

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Section: Síndromes Paraneoplásicos Hematológicosunclassified

Síndromes paraneoplásicos en tumores gastrointestinales. Revisión de tema

Paez

Regino

et al. 2017

Rev. Colomb. Gastroenterol.

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“…Ayrıca hiponatremi, fazla hidrasyon gerektiren kemoterapi seçeneklerinin kullanımını kısıtlayabilir (66). Ancak, hiponatreminin tüm sayılan bu olumsuz sonuçların bağımsız nedenlerinden biri mi yoksa sadece hastalığın şiddetinin bir göstergesi mi olduğu tartışmalıdır (62).…”

Section: Kanser Ve Hiponatremiunclassified

“…), primer polidipsi, barsak obstrüksiyonu, pankreatit, kas travması veya yanıklar gibi üçüncü boşluğa kayıplar, konjestif kalp yetmezliği, karaciğer sirozu, nefrotik sendrom ile akut ve kronik böbrek yetmezliği sayılabilir (62).…”

Section: Kanser Ve Hiponatremiunclassified

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Recent Developments in Hyponatremia and Its Management

Bardak¹,

Turgutalp²,

Demir³

et al. 2015

Turk Neph Dial Transpl

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ÖZEn sık izlenen elektrolit bozukluğu olan hiponatremi, sodyum ve su arasındaki mükemmel dengenin birçok farklı nedene bağlı olarak bozulması sonucu gelişebilmektedir. Hiponatremi tanı ve tedavisinde bu faktörlerin tespiti önemlidir. Hiponatremi ile ilişkili belirtiler çoğunlukla hiponatreminin gelişme hızı ve derinliğine bağlıdır. Akut hiponatremiye bağlı gelişen beyin ödemi ve kronik hiponatreminin hızlı düzeltilmesine bağlı gelişen osmotik demiyelinasyon artmış ölüm riskine neden olmaktadır. Bu nedenle uygun olmayan tedavi yaklaşımları morbidite ve mortalitede artışa yol açabilir. Yakın zamanda hiponatremi tanı ve tedavisi ile ilgili yeni kılavuz ve uzman görüşleri yayınlanmıştır. Ancak önerilerle ilgili tartışmalar hala sürmektedir. Biz bu derlemede, hiponatremi ile ilgili güncel gelişmeleri özetledik ve hiponatremi yönetimindeki farklı yaklaşımları tartıştık. ANAHTAR SÖZCÜKLER: Hiponatremi, Kılavuzlar, Sodyum ABSTRACTHyponatremia is the most common electrolyte disorder and can develop due to many different reasons disrupting the perfect balance of sodium and water. Determination of these factors is important in the diagnosis and treatment of hyponatremia. Symptoms of hyponatremia depend mostly on the rate of development. Brain edema due to acute hyponatremia and osmotic demyelination due to rapid correction of chronic hyponatremia can cause an increased risk of death. Inappropriate therapeutic approaches can therefore lead to an increase in morbidity and mortality. New guidelines about the diagnosis and treatment of hyponatremia have been published recently. However, there is controversy regarding some of these recommendations. In this review, we summarize the current literature on hyponatremia and discuss the different approaches in hyponatremia management. KEY WORDS: Hyponatremia, Guidelines, Sodium SODYUM ve SU DENGESIOrganizmada; su, arter kan basıncı, osmolarite ve pH gibi birçok kritik yapıyı sürekli olarak kontrol eden; algılayıcılar (afferent yapı), algılayıcılarla elde edilen bilgiyi değerlendiren bir merkez ve merkezin oluşturduğu yanıtı icra eden molekül ve dokular (efferent yapı) vardır. Su ve sodyum (Na + ) dengesi için; algılayıcılar kardiyovasküler sistemde bulunurken (baroreseptör vb.), merkez beyin (hipotalamus) ve beyin sapıdır. En önemli efferent organ ise böbreklerdir. Ek olarak, bu sistemin trafiğini kusursuz hale getiren birçok molekül (antidiüretik hormon[ADH], katekolaminler, anjiyotensin II vb.) bulunmaktadır (1). Bu sayede, serum Na + konsantrasyonu; çok değişken sıvı alımı, katı gıda tüketimi ve idrar dışı sıvı kayıplarına rağmen çok dar bir aralıkta (135-145 mmol/l) tutulur.Su ve Na + değerinin dengede tutulmasının temel amaçları; damar yatağındaki hacmin kontrolü, doku kan dolaşımının istenilen düzeyde kalmasının sağlanması için gereken arteriyel basınç kontrolü ve hücre içi ve dışı parçacık yoğunluğunun (tonisite) devamıdır (2). Dolayısıyla böbrek; su, Na + , osmolarite ve basınç kontrolünün tamamında anahtar rol oynayan icracı bir organdır.

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“…A review article on papers published from 1966 to 2005 in the fields of hyponatremia and SSRIs found that the incidence of hyponatremia associated with SSRIs has a range of 0.5% to 32%. The risk factors for developing hyponatremia caused by SSRIs include older age, female gender, simultaneous use of diuretics, lower weight, and lower base concentrations of sodium (6)(7)(8)(9). The mechanism by which SSRIs cause hyponatremia is still not clear Copyright © 2017, Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Concurrent Serotonin Syndrome and Hyponatremia: A Case Report and Review

Elyasi

Azizi

2017

Iran J Psychiatry Behav Sci

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Introduction: These days, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are the most commonly prescribed and used antidepressants. Serotonin syndrome is a potentially fatal complication with hyper-serotonergic situation. Its symptoms result from over activation of the central and peripheral receptors caused by high serotonin levels. The use of SSRIs is associated with the frequency of syndrome. Hyponatremia is one of the side effects of SSRIs, especially in elderly patients. The mechanism by which SSRIs cause hyponatremia is thought to be secondary to the development of the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH). Patients with hyponatremia secondary to SIADH have been reported with fluoxetine, paroxetine, sertraline, fluvoxamine, and citalopram. There are very few reports about the concurrent incidence of serotonin syndrome and hyponatremia. Case Presentation: The patient was a 66-year-old woman with rheumatoid arthritis. She was treated with a fixed dose of fluoxetine and buspirone added with the amount of 15 mg per day. The patient was hospitalized 8 weeks with symptoms of confusion, lack of insight into time and space, inability to stand and walk, continuous involuntary tremor, uncoordinated and uncontrolled movements of arms and legs, hyperreflexia, and mydriasis. She also showed severe hyponatremia in the experiments. She was admitted to an academic general hospital in Iran on 2014. Based on the clinical findings, taking buspirone aside fluoxetine, as well as old age of the patient, she was diagnosed with serotonin syndrome. Treatment was carried out after discontinuation of fluoxetine and buspirone, restriction of fluid therapy, as well as prescription of sodium chloride 5%, cyproheptadine, and diazepam. Conclusions: Consumers of SSRIs are at a higher risk of hyponatremia compared to those taking other antidepressants, especially if they are simultaneously treated by diuretics. Hyponatremia and SIADH need to be considered if a patient experiences disorientation receiving SSRIs. Physicians should be aware of the probability of acute hyponatremia and serotonin syndrome secondary to SSRIs in simultaneous use of fluoxetine and buspirone with diuretics. Moreover, physicians should note that serotonin toxicity is dose-dependent rather than idiosyncratic.

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Electrolyte Disorders Associated With Cancer

Cited by 101 publications

References 76 publications

Síndromes paraneoplásicos en tumores gastrointestinales. Revisión de tema

Síndromes paraneoplásicos en tumores gastrointestinales. Revisión de tema

Recent Developments in Hyponatremia and Its Management

Concurrent Serotonin Syndrome and Hyponatremia: A Case Report and Review

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