Electrodialysis Applications for Pollution Prevention in the Chemical Processing Industry

Blackburn, James W.

doi:10.1080/10473289.1999.10463870

Cited by 19 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Generally, electrodialysis cell is made of thin films of polymeric products having either anionic or cationic in nature (anion exchange membrane and cation exchange membrane) (Chen 2004). The ionic functional groups of the membrane originate from the chemical nature of the polymer (Blackburn 1999). Such anionic exchange membranes have positive fixed charges due to the presence of quaternary amine groups in the polymer; in contrary, cation exchange membranes have negative charges resulted due to the presence of sulfonic acid groups in the polymer.…”

Section: Electrodialysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nanoadsorbents for wastewater treatment: next generation biotechnological solution

Ali

Hoque²,

Hossain

et al. 2020

Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Day by day, the water sources are increasingly being adulterated due to various reasons including the uncontrolled discharge of pollutants from the point and nonpoint sources. Therefore, it is a timely need to develop suitable, inexpensive and efficient treatment techniques for water purification. This review aims at evaluating different water treatment technologies, their basic principles, cost and suitability for pollutants' removal from wastewater. Among various water treatment technologies, adsorption technique appears to be techno-economically more attractive due to its inexpensiveness, universality and environment friendliness. Here, wide varieties of adsorbents (silica gel, activated alumina, clays, limestone, chitosan, activated carbon, zeolite, etc.) and their capacities for pollutant removal are described. The limitations of conventional adsorbent applications for water treatment are also discussed. Recently, nanotechnology has introduced nanoadsorbents, which have drawn additional attention due to their unique properties and are considered to be the viable alternative to conventional adsorbents. The potential applications, separation and regeneration of nanoadsorbents for wastewater treatment are also included in this review. Furthermore, prospects including commercial and health aspects of nanoadsorbents are also added.

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Section: Electrodialysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The anionic exchange membranes with fixed positive charges attract anions and allow them to pass through and reject cations. The reverse scenario works in a cationic exchange membrane (Blackburn 1999).…”

Section: Electrodialysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanoadsorbents for wastewater treatment: next generation biotechnological solution

Ali

Hoque²,

Hossain

et al. 2020

Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol.

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“…[19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30] The main advantage of electrodialysis is that it can be operated out at room temperature and atmospheric pressure. [31][32][33][34][35][36][37] Electrodialysis coupled with RO system can be most effective for high level of water purification.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies on Removal of ions and preparation of NaOCl from the industrial RO reject water by electrodialysis

2021

IJGHC

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Effective removal of Ca 2+ and Clions from the industrial R.O reject water was achieved using electrodialysis. Under optimized conditions ∼16800 and 30500 ppm of Ca 2+ and Clions could be removed with 60-94% current efficiency and 99% removal efficiency. Other ions including Na + , SO 4 2-, K + and Mg 2+ present in smaller amounts could also be removed. Effective conversion of anodically generated chlorine to sodium hypochlorite (0.2-1.2%) was achieved which is the ideal concentration for its use as an antiviral (COVID-19 mitigation purpose). The conditions including current density and amount of charge passed were varied to identify the optimized condition for maximum efficiency.

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“…36,37 With such unique properties, IEMs play important roles in electrodialysis, 38 fuel cells, 39 chemical separation, 40 and environmental conservation. 41 Nevertheless, integrating such membranes into capacitive devices for a higher specific energy has yet to be explored.…”

Section: Vmentioning

confidence: 99%

A 1.8 V Aqueous Supercapacitor with a Bipolar Assembly of Ion-Exchange Membranes as the Separator

Wang

Chandrabose

Jian

et al. 2016

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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We introduce a novel bipolar assembly of ion-exchange membranes as the separator for aqueous supercapacitors. The new bipolar separator enables the positive electrode and the negative electrode to operate in acidic electrolyte and alkaline electrolyte, separately. The bipolar separator increases the theoretically stable voltage window from 1.23 to 1.76 V for the device when pH 1 and pH 10 are selected for the positive and negative electrode, respectively, based on the pH tolerance of commercial ion exchange membranes. By considering the results from comprehensive electrolyte stability investigation, we charge the cells to 1.8 V, which increases the maximum cell discharge voltage to 1.77 V. A specific energy of 12.7 Wh/kg is achieved based on the electrodes' mass, which is twice the value of the comparative best performing single electrolyte. The new cell configuration with the three-compartment bipolar separator effectively prevents the acid/base electrolyte cross diffusion, where after 10,000 cycles, the capacitance retention is 97% with coulombic efficiency maintained above 99.6% all through cycling. Supercapacitors, also known as ultracapacitors or electrochemical capacitors (ECs), are highly complementary to batteries by providing high power density and ultra-long cycling life that the state-of-theart batteries have yet to achieve.1 These devices are indispensable in applications, including power cranking for transportation, energy recovery in heavy-duty systems 2 and potentially laser generation. In order to develop more powerful ECs, prior works have studied the impacts of carbon electrodes' properties on ECs' performance, including surface area, 3-8 pore size, 9-14 heteroatom doping, 15-19 and pseudocapacitance. [20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27] Recently, attention has also been paid to redox-active electrolytes. [28][29][30][31][32]47 As well known, most commercial ECs employ non-aqueous electrolyte rather than aqueous electrolyte despite the facts that aqueous electrolytes are typically more conductive, safer and cheaper. The overwhelming advantage of non-aqueous electrolyte is its much wider stable electrochemical potential window than its aqueous counterpart, where the latter is limited to 1.23 V, the potential gap between the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER).1 Therefore, the operating voltage for aqueous ECs is normally below 1.2 V, whereas it is as high as 3.0 V for non-aqueous devices. The energy density of capacitors obeys the following equation: E = 1 8 C V2 , where C is the specific capacitance of one electrode and V is the maximum discharge voltage of a device. Although the electrode capacitance in aqueous ECs is often higher than that in nonaqueous ECs, the overall energy density of the former still falls far below what the latter could offer.In order to cultivate the advantages of aqueous supercapacitors, it is highly desirable to increase its operating voltage without decomposing its electrolyte. One example is lead-acid batteries that operate at a voltage...

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Electrodialysis Applications for Pollution Prevention in the Chemical Processing Industry

Cited by 19 publications

References 22 publications

Nanoadsorbents for wastewater treatment: next generation biotechnological solution

Nanoadsorbents for wastewater treatment: next generation biotechnological solution

Studies on Removal of ions and preparation of NaOCl from the industrial RO reject water by electrodialysis

A 1.8 V Aqueous Supercapacitor with a Bipolar Assembly of Ion-Exchange Membranes as the Separator

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