Electrodeposition Characteristics of Bismuth-Telluride Films

Prabhakar, Aparna; Podlaha-Murphy, Elizabeth; Murphy, Michael C.; Devireddy, Ram V.

doi:10.1557/proc-845-aa5.25

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…For example, an examination of the data shown in Table 2, suggests that the micro-thermocouples need to be placed within a spatial distance of ~10 μm from the nucleating cell with an ability to measure local temperature jump of ~0.2 °C and a temporal resolution of ~0.01 secs. Additionally, the simulations presented here are also of value in the development of micro-thermo electric coolers (μTECs), based on the Thompson effect [31,32]. For example, the local thermal fluctuations within the tissue system due to nucleation of ice within the embedded cells can be completely eliminated by cooling the nucleating region with the use of a specifically designed μTEC.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical simulation of local temperature distortions during ice nucleation of cells in suspension

Kandra¹,

Devireddy²

2008

International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer

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Knowledge of intercellular ice formation in cells embedded in an extra-cellular suspension is essential for effective design of freezing protocols. The presence of cell membrane causes supercooling of the intra-cellular region, which nucleates at much lower temperatures than the surrounding extra-cellular space and is accompanied by the exothermic release of the latent heat. This is a dynamic process and causes thermal distortions in and around the cell where nucleation occurs. In the present study, an attempt has been made to numerically determine the magnitude of thermal distortion (ΔT) and the time (dt) it takes for this distortion to damp out to the local temperature. A two-dimensional computational model is presented in which the maximum thermal distortions (with an assumed cell diameter of 50 μm, nucleating at −5 °C while being cooled at 5°C /min; denoted as Scenario 1) and the lowest-possible thermal distortions (with an assumed cell diameter of 5 μm, nucleating at −20 °C while being cooled at 100 °C/min; denoted as Scenario 2) are determined. Extensive computations have been performed assuming either the presence of a single, dual, or four cells in suspension. It is expected that these representative results would serve the purpose of estimating an effective sampling rate of microscale thermocouples currently being fabricated and of other biomedical devices used to measure intracellular ice formation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical simulation of local temperature distortions during ice nucleation of cells in suspension

Kandra¹,

Devireddy²

2008

International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer

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“…Electrodeposition of compound semiconductor materials, including II-VI, 1 III-V, [2][3][4] III-VI, 5 IV-VI, 6 and V-VI [7][8][9][10][11] binary compounds and some ternary compounds, 12 have been attracting more and more attention as they find many applications in optical, photovoltaic, phase-change solid memory, and thermoelectronic devices. Among them, SbTe can be used, either alone or by alloying with other elements, for solar cells, 13 thermoelectric devices, 14 and phase-change devices.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrodeposition of SbTe Phase-Change Alloys

Huang

Kellock

Raoux

2008

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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Electrodeposition of SbTe thin films was investigated at room temperature, where amorphous deposits were obtained. The electrodeposition of Sb was found to be induced by Te, while the latter was not affected by the Sb. Detailed studies on this induced deposition were carried out by varying the Sb͑III͒ and Te͑IV͒ concentrations, pH, and agitation. The Sb deposition rate was found to be independent of the concentrations of both species but dependent on the pH and agitation. A phase transition from amorphous films into crystalline Sb 2 Te 3 at 120°C was observed for the plated SbTe.

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Fabrication and characterization of electrodeposited antimony telluride crystalline nanowires and nanotubes

et al. 2011

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Arrays of nanowires and nanotubes of antimony-telluride (Sb 2 Te 3 ) have been fabricated by an electrodeposition technique. Scanning electron microscopy was employed to characterize the morphology and size of the fabricated Sb 2 Te 3 nanowires and nanotubes. Wavelength dispersive spectroscopy analysis confirmed the composition of the fabricated nanowires and nanotubes. The composition of the nanowires fabricated at a cathodic current density of 10 mA cm À2 and nanotubes fabricated at a cathodic current density of 5.5 mA cm À2 was found to be $39% Sb and $61% Te (2 : 3 ratio between Sb and Te). The fabricated Sb 2 Te 3 nanowire and nanotube arrays were found to be polycrystalline with no preferred orientation. The average lamellar thickness of the nanowires and nanotube crystallites was determined using the Scherrer equation and found to be $36 nm and $43 nm, respectively. The measured room temperature Seebeck coefficients for the Sb 2 Te 3 nanowires and nanotubes were +359 mV K À1 and +332 mV K À1 , respectively, confirming that the Sb 2 Te 3 nanowires and nanotubes were p-type. The electrical resistance measurements indicated that the resistance of the Sb 2 Te 3 nanowires and nanotubes decreased with increasing temperature, consistent with semiconducting behavior.

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Electrodeposition Characteristics of Bismuth-Telluride Films

Cited by 3 publications

References 8 publications

Numerical simulation of local temperature distortions during ice nucleation of cells in suspension

Numerical simulation of local temperature distortions during ice nucleation of cells in suspension

Electrodeposition of SbTe Phase-Change Alloys

Fabrication and characterization of electrodeposited antimony telluride crystalline nanowires and nanotubes

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