Electrochemical Oxidant Generation for Wastewater Treatment

Effectiveness of Ozone Gas Application Methods against Combined Multi-Contaminants in Food

“…At atmospheric conditions, its half-life is about 30 min and this reaction proceeds more rapidly at higher temperature and lower pressure [16][17][18][19]. Therefore, being an unstable gas, it requires to be produced at its application site, thus reducing costs and risks related to transport and storage [9,20,21]. As a very reactive oxidizing agent, O 3 has proved effective against a broad spectrum of living organisms and chemicals.…”

“…Herbicides -when bromoxinile and trifluralin were O 3 treated at doses ranging from 80 to 480 μM (10 min), the gas was able to significantly react with bromoxynil, achieving degradation of 98% (after 2 min), however trifluralin was less O 3 reactive, reaching only half (50%) of its degradation after 5 min [55]. Toxic wastes -on the other hand, wastes that may be present in factories water effluents such as from wine distilleries (also pharmaceutical and textile industries), the O 3 gas lead to living organisms inactivation and toxic compounds degradation thus thus can be a quite beneficial to nature and the humans safety in the area [20,31,34,[56][57][58][59].…”

Electrochemistry and green chemical processes: electrochemical ozone production

“…Since ozone is a non-polluting oxidant (ozone is reduced to oxygen during oxidation of organics), its use far exceeds that of fluorine. In the mid 70's, ozone received a considerable amount of attention after it was shown that hydroxyl radicals are formed in ozonated water in the presence of either ultraviolet light, UV, or hydrogen peroxide 11 . These hydroxyl radicals are oxidising agents 52 far more powerful than ozone itself.…”

“…An environmental friendly oxidant should posses the following features 11 : (i) reactive with compounds to be treated; (ii) neither produce nor leave undesirable by-products during the course of the reaction and (iii) readily available. A number of chemical oxidants are currently being used either as disinfectants for potable or swimming pool waters, or for the destruction of organic and inorganic chemical species found in wastewater.…”

“…Ozone finds application in fields such as: water treatment, combustion of resistant organics, clean-up of effluents, bleaching of wood pulp 2, 10,11 . Chlorine has long been used in the disinfection of water.…”