Electrochemical codeposition of inert particles in a metallic matrix

Hovestad, A.; Janssen, Ljj Jos

doi:10.1007/bf00573209

Cited by 390 publications

(221 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…[1][2][3][4][5][6] Composite electrodeposits have been prepared by dispersing particles in the metal matrices. The co-deposition mechanism of particles was reported to be composed of two steps, namely, the adsorption of metal ions on the particles and the subsequent reduction of the adsorbed ions on cathode surfaces.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Zn-Al2O3 Composites with High Aluminum Content and Nanostructured Al2O3/ZnO Prepared by Electrochemical Technique from Non-Suspended Solution

et al. 2017

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Zn-Al 2 O 3 composites were electrodeposited from a non-suspended solution containing ZnSO 4 ·7H 2 O and Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3 ·14-18H 2 O using benzyldimethyltetradecylammonium chloride dehydrate (BDTAC) as the additive at an electrodeposition current of 50-500 A/m 2 with an air or a nitrogen bubbling. Initial layers with a thickness of approximately 1 µm were observed in the Zn-Al 2 O 3 composite on copper substrates. Furthermore, the Zn-Al 2 O 3 composite was composed of two different crystallographic areas, namely, nano-level size deposited grains with 20-60 nm in width and 100-200 nm in length, and closely packed fine particle deposits with a diameter of approximately 5 nm containing more than 26 atomic% aluminum. The nano-level size deposited grains and the closely packed fine particle deposits comprised nano-size ZnO and θ-Al 2 O 3 , respectively. The oxygen concentration in Zn-Al 2 O 3 composite by the air bubbling was higher than that in Zn-Al 2 O 3 composite by the nitrogen bubbling. In contrast, the zinc content ratio in Zn-Al 2 O 3 composite by the air bubbling was lower than that in Zn-Al 2 O 3 composite by the nitrogen bubbling. The aluminum concentration in closely packed fine particle deposits in Zn-Al 2 O 3 composite by the air bubbling was almost the same value as that in Zn-Al 2 O 3 composite by the nitrogen bubbling.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Zn-Al2O3 Composites with High Aluminum Content and Nanostructured Al2O3/ZnO Prepared by Electrochemical Technique from Non-Suspended Solution

et al. 2017

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“…Since the mechanism of metalparticle co-deposition is not fully understood, we will refrain from further discussion of this interference. For a recent review of all existing models of metal-particle co-deposition, the reader is referred to the work of Hovestad & Janssen (1995).…”

Section: Uniform Coatingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structure of electrodeposited graded composite coatings of Ni–Al–Al₂O₃

Barmak

Banovic

Petronis

et al. 1997

Journal of Microscopy

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SummaryThe structure of electrodeposited composite coatings of Ni-Al-Al 2 O 3 , with Ni as the matrix and Al and Al 2 O 3 as second-phase particles, was investigated using light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Ni coatings with no particles, which were used as reference samples, had progressively coarser structures with increasing current density. Co-deposition with Al resulted in refinement of the Ni matrix structure at high (>10 A dm ¹2 ) current densities. For single-particle baths, the co-deposition of Al 2 O 3 was more strongly affected by current density and bath particle content than was the co-deposition of Al. However, for baths containing both Al and Al 2 O 3 the amount of incorporated Al 2 O 3 no longer depended on current density. With the choice of appropriate conditions, coatings of Ni with up to 39 vol.% Al 2 O 3 were made. Similar experiments with Al yielded a maximum of 17 . 5 vol.% only. Uniform and graded mixed-particle coatings were also produced. When coatings containing Al were annealed, the reaction of the two elements resulted in the formation of either single-phase g or two-phase g-g 0 alloys, in agreement with the equilibrium phase diagram.

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“…is not yet fully understood (Feldstein, 1990;Hovestad & Janssen, 1995). For a given co-deposition system and under specified bath agitation conditions (Bozzini et al, 1995) it is fair to assume that the number of co-deposited particles per unit time R ¼ DV c =ðV·DtÞ is given by R ¼ g 0 ðRe; T; n; :::…”

Section: Effects Of Process Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, some quite comprehensive reviews have been published on the topic of co-deposition of inert particles in electrochemically deposited metals and alloys (Feldstein, 1990;Hovestad & Janssen, 1995) and there is no need for repetition here; we want only to call attention to two interesting aspects which have been omitted in previous modelling and experimental work in the field. (i) No predictive models are available, i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An investigation into microstructure and particle distribution of Ni–P/diamond composite thin films

Bozzini

Giovannelli

Cavallotti

1997

Journal of Microscopy

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SummaryThe present paper deals with a theoretical and experimental study of the co-deposition of spheroidal particles in a metal matrix deposited by autocatalytic chemical deposition (ACD). The 3-D particle size distribution -as measured by image analysis of SEM micrographs of metallographic crosssections -is related to the size distribution of the starting powder -as measured by photon autocorrelation spectroscopy -through a simple analytical model. The application of the model to the co-deposition of diamond particles in an ACD Ni-P (9 wt.% P) amorphous matrix led to a correct prediction of average volume of embedded particles (V), coverage factor (C F ) and number of co-deposited particles per unit volume of deposit (N V ).

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Electrochemical codeposition of inert particles in a metallic matrix

Cited by 390 publications

References 37 publications

Zn-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> Composites with High Aluminum Content and Nanostructured Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/ZnO Prepared by Electrochemical Technique from Non-Suspended Solution

Zn-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> Composites with High Aluminum Content and Nanostructured Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/ZnO Prepared by Electrochemical Technique from Non-Suspended Solution

Structure of electrodeposited graded composite coatings of Ni–Al–Al₂O₃

An investigation into microstructure and particle distribution of Ni–P/diamond composite thin films

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Electrochemical codeposition of inert particles in a metallic matrix

Cited by 390 publications

References 37 publications

Zn-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> Composites with High Aluminum Content and Nanostructured Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/ZnO Prepared by Electrochemical Technique from Non-Suspended Solution

Zn-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> Composites with High Aluminum Content and Nanostructured Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/ZnO Prepared by Electrochemical Technique from Non-Suspended Solution

Structure of electrodeposited graded composite coatings of Ni–Al–Al2O3

An investigation into microstructure and particle distribution of Ni–P/diamond composite thin films

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Structure of electrodeposited graded composite coatings of Ni–Al–Al₂O₃