Electroactivity and proton doping of polycarbazole

Verghese, Manju M.; Sundaresan, N. S.; Basu, Tinku; Malhotra, Bansi D.

doi:10.1007/bf00274553

Cited by 19 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 8 publications

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“…The spectrum of the PCz film with no evaporated Al layer (spectrum e) has signals at ca. 400 and 670 nm due to the dicarbazyl cation radical . Upon contacting of the PCz film with the Al layer, the absorption bands at 400 and 670 nm abruptly disappeared at t = 2 min, and the resulting structureless absorption gradually decreased with t and finally reached a steady value at t = 24 h. This spectral change in shape is quite similar to the electrochemical dedoping behavior of the PCz derivative film, suggesting that the dedoping occurs during the solid-state reaction between the PCz film and the Al layer.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 61%

Nanostructured Hybrid Materials Formed by Cell Reaction between Polycarbazole and Metals

2006

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Aluminum films are vacuum-evaporated onto a ClO4 --doped green polycarbazole (PCz) film. The appearance of the resulting aluminum/PCz junctions drastically changes with time; the time-dependent fading of the metallic white color and green color of the PCz is observed during their storage in air, and colorless films are obtained several hours after the evaporation. Various microscopic analyses of the resultant films revealed that they consist of an undoped PCz film with a nanosized region of aluminum compounds being dispersed in it. Vibrational spectroscopy of the films before and after the hybridization shows the chemical interaction between the aluminum compounds and the carbazole ring. The electric conductivity, work function, and UV−vis absorption of the hybrid films are measured as a function of the amount of evaporated aluminum. The alternate use of indium is also reported.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 61%

Nanostructured Hybrid Materials Formed by Cell Reaction between Polycarbazole and Metals

2006

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XPS and ESR studies of electrochemically synthesized polycarbazole post-doped with iodine

Bernède¹,

Taoudi²,

Bonnet³

et al. 1999

J. Appl. Polym. Sci.

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Polycarbazole powders obtained by electrochemical oxidation of carbazole thin films or of carbazole in solution in the electrolyte have been post-doped with iodine and characterized by room temperature electrical conductivity, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and electron spin resonance (ESR). Similar results are obtained with polymers saturated with iodine at room temperature after 6 weeks and with polymers doped at 383 K for 24 h. The polymers obtained from carbazole thin films have a higher electrical conductivity ( ϳ 10 Ϫ4 ⍀ Ϫ1 cm Ϫ1 ) and a higher spin density (9.9 10 21 spins mol Ϫ1 g Ϫ1 ), which corresponds to 71 atom % of ionic iodine. The polymer radicals are located on the nitrogen, and the percentage of N ϩ is 40 atom %. The electrical conductivity of the polymers obtained from carbazole in solution in the electrolyte is two order of magnitude smaller. The percentage of N ϩ is only 25 atom % with an ionic iodine percentage of 13 atom %. So, the most important parameter is not the iodine percentage introduced after doping into the polymers but the percentage of ionic iodine present in the polymers. The differences that are put in evidence can be explained by a better polymerization efficiency of the carbazole when it is deposited on thin film form by vacuum evaporation before electrochemical oxydation.

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Characteristics of aqueous polycarbazole batteries

Saraswathi

Gerard

Malhotra

1999

J. Appl. Polym. Sci.

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ABSTRACT:The characteristics of electrochemically prepared polycarbazole (PCARB) as the cathode active material for secondary batteries are studied in aqueous electrolytes. The cell of the type Zn/Zn(ClO 4 ) 2 /PCARB has a specific capacity of 30 Ah/kg and an energy density of 46 Wh/kg. The coulombic efficiency is about 80 -90% and is dependent on the thickness of PCARB films. Cole-Cole plots for PCARB electrodes by impedance measurements have been obtained at different oxidation potentials as a function of doping.

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Electroactivity and proton doping of polycarbazole

Cited by 19 publications

References 8 publications

Nanostructured Hybrid Materials Formed by Cell Reaction between Polycarbazole and Metals

Nanostructured Hybrid Materials Formed by Cell Reaction between Polycarbazole and Metals

XPS and ESR studies of electrochemically synthesized polycarbazole post-doped with iodine

Characteristics of aqueous polycarbazole batteries

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