Characteristics of aqueous polycarbazole batteries

Saraswathi, R.; Gerard, Manju; Malhotra, Bansi D.

doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-4628(19991003)74:1<145::aid-app18>3.0.co;2-c

Cited by 77 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…[3][4][5] Also, several research works have demonstrated that the addition of an optimum amount of an electrolytic filler greatly enhances the ionic conductivity and affects the bulk properties of the electrolytes. [5][6][7][8][9][10] Interesting effects were observed by us on the optoelectrical properties of PS/alum composites. 5 On the other hand, the dielectric spectra and relaxation processes of electrolyte polymers and polymer electrolytes have been studied before but the dielectric properties especially the relaxation process and the estimation of relaxation time using Yan and Rhodes model for PEO/NH 4 I electrolytes have not been previously reported.…”

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“…5 On the other hand, the dielectric spectra and relaxation processes of electrolyte polymers and polymer electrolytes have been studied before but the dielectric properties especially the relaxation process and the estimation of relaxation time using Yan and Rhodes model for PEO/NH 4 I electrolytes have not been previously reported. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13] When the dielectric material is exposed to an alternating electric field that is generated by applying a sinusoidal voltage the displacement polarization leads to electric oscillations. The orientational polarization is not a resonant process, because the molecular dipoles have inertia.…”

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Dielectric Properties of Polyethylene Oxide Doped with NH4I Salt

Ayesh

2009

Polym. J.

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Dielectric parameters were studied over a frequency range from 10 Hz to 335 kHz at room temperature as a function of frequency and salt concentration. Permittivity (" 0 ) and dielectric loss (" 00 ) data were fitted in the frequency domain using Yan and Rhodes model in order to estimate the relaxation times for PEO electrolytes. Due to the excellent fitting obtained using this model, PEO/NH 4 I electrolytes can be presented in equivalent circuit as RC in parallel circuits connected in series Addition of NH 4 I salt to PEO host, however, will increase AC conductivity, permittivity and dielectric loss while shortening relaxation time and reduces the melting temperature of PEO electrolytes. This study shows that the relaxation process of these electrolytes is due to viscoelastic relaxation or non-Debye relaxation with two values of relaxation time.KEY WORDS: Polyethylene Oxide / NH 4 I Salt / Electrolytes / Dielectric Relaxation / Relaxation Time / Melting Behavior / Polymer electrolytes such as PEO play an important role in the development of new energy sources, like solid state batteries, photo-electrochemical solar cells, fuel cells, electrochromic displays and sensors. Up to now, the desired value of electrical conductivity (10 À3 S/cm) at ambient temperature has not been attained. At the same time, obtaining high ionic conductivity at ambient temperature becomes crucial for the realization of these technological applications.1,2 Extensive theoretical and experimental research is necessary in order to explain the theory of ionic conductivity in polymer/salt electrolytes, because this theory is yet in its infancy due to the complex structural nature of polymers. In general, experimental and theoretical research shows that the enhancement of ionic conductivity in polymer/salt electrolytes depend on polymer type, salt type, morphology, nature and size of fillers, degree of crystallinity . . . etc.3-5 Also, several research works have demonstrated that the addition of an optimum amount of an electrolytic filler greatly enhances the ionic conductivity and affects the bulk properties of the electrolytes.5-10 Interesting effects were observed by us on the optoelectrical properties of PS/alum composites. 5 On the other hand, the dielectric spectra and relaxation processes of electrolyte polymers and polymer electrolytes have been studied before but the dielectric properties especially the relaxation process and the estimation of relaxation time using Yan and Rhodes model for PEO/NH 4 I electrolytes have not been previously reported. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13] When the dielectric material is exposed to an alternating electric field that is generated by applying a sinusoidal voltage the displacement polarization leads to electric oscillations. The orientational polarization is not a resonant process, because the molecular dipoles have inertia. The response of the orientational polarization to a change of the electric field is therefore always retarded. This process is called ''dielectric relaxation.'' Th...

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Dielectric Properties of Polyethylene Oxide Doped with NH4I Salt

Ayesh

2009

Polym. J.

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“…Şarj edilebilen piller, optik cihazlar, elektrolitik kapasitörler, güneş pilleri, sensör ve biyosensör çalışmaları bu materyallerin uygulama alanları arasında en iyi bilinenleridir [25][26][27][28]. Ayrıca, iletken polimerlerin elektrokimyasal olarak biriktirilmeleri kolay olduğu için elektrot yüzeyinde duyarlı bir tabakanın oluşmasını sağlamaktadırlar.…”

Section: İletken Poli̇merlerunclassified

Pestisit Analizlerinde Asetilkolinesteraz İnhibisyonuna Dayalı İletken Polimer Esaslı Biyosensörler

Gürsoy¹,

Gürsoy²

2017

Akademik Gıda

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Acetylcholinesterase Inhibition Based Biosensors Developed by Using Conducting Polymers for Pesticide Analyses ABSTRACTPesticides commonly used worldwide are chemicals used as agricultural, industrial, domestic and war materials. Although pesticides are very strongly associated with many health problems, there is a serious lack of monitoring and identification of these pollutants. Conventional chromatographic methods such as high performance liquid chromatography, capillary electrophoresis and mass spectrometry are effective methods for pesticide analysis in foods. However, these methods have considerable limitations in terms of complex processes, time-consuming preparatory steps, expensive equipment and expert staff requirements. Biosensors are preferred devices for the determination of pesticides because of their simplicity, high sensitivity, short analysis time and low analysis cost, as well as their applicability to real time measurements. For more than fifteen years, biosensors based on enzyme inhibition have been developed to monitor pesticide residues for food control and safety. Conductive polymers have been used during constructions of these pesticide biosensors. In this study, studies on biosensors used for pesticide analyses were summarized and then researches on acetylcholinesterase inhibition based biosensors developed by using conducting polymers for pesticide analyses were reviewed. .

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“…The conductive and semiconducting properties of these polymers make them an important class of materials for a wide range of electronic, optoelectronic and biotechnological applications such as in rechargeable batteries, molecular electronics, electronic displays, solar cells, ion exchange membrane in fuel cells, diodes, capacitors, field-effect-transistors, printed circuit boards, chemical sensors, drug release systems and biosensors, etc. [1][2][3][4]. It is being projected that conducting polymers can be used to transport small electronic signals in the body, i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrical Conductivity Measurement Studies of Polyacrylonitrile/Polypyrrole (PAN/Ppy) Composite

Ahmer¹,

Hameed²

2014

IJAREEIE

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An electrically conducting composite material polyacrylonitrile/Polypyrrole (PAN/Ppy) was prepared by sol-gel method. The temperature dependence of the DC electrical conductivity was measured on compressed pellets by using a 4-in-line-probe dc electrical conductivity-measuring instrument. The conductivity values lies in the semiconductor region, i.e., 10 -2 -10 -4 S cm -1 and follow the Arrhenius equation. The thermal stability of the composite material (HCl treated) in terms of dc electrical conductivity retention was studied under isothermal conditions (at 50, 70, 90, 110, 130 and 150 °C ) at 15 min intervals. The stability of the material (HCl treated) in terms of electrical conductivity retention was also monitored for five cycles for increasing temperatures at 1 h intervals. The composite material was found thermally and environmentally stable in terms of DC electrical conductivity retention.

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Characteristics of aqueous polycarbazole batteries

Cited by 77 publications

References 26 publications

Dielectric Properties of Polyethylene Oxide Doped with NH4I Salt

Dielectric Properties of Polyethylene Oxide Doped with NH4I Salt

Pestisit Analizlerinde Asetilkolinesteraz İnhibisyonuna Dayalı İletken Polimer Esaslı Biyosensörler

Electrical Conductivity Measurement Studies of Polyacrylonitrile/Polypyrrole (PAN/Ppy) Composite

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