Electrical collector system options for large offshore wind farms

Quinonez-Varela, G.; Ault, Graham; Anaya‐Lara, Olimpo; McDonald, J.R.

doi:10.1049/iet-rpg:20060017

Cited by 120 publications

(94 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…In case of a cable failure, or when the string is opened by a circuit breaker, the total power generated by the remaining connected generators has to be transported through the other string to the MV hub. In consequence, the rated current of both cable strings must be oversized to allow bidirectional power flow in case of cable failure [55][56][57].…”

Section: Double-sided Ring Arrangementmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Modular Multilevel Converters: Control and Applications

et al. 2017

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This review article is mainly oriented to the control and applications of modular multilevel converters (MMC). The main topologies of the switching modules are presented, for normal operation and for the elimination of DC faults. Methods to keep the capacitor voltage balanced are included. The voltage and current modulators, that are the most internal loops of control, are detailed. Voltage control and current control schemes are included which regulate DC link voltage and reactive power. The cases of unbalanced and distorted networks are analyzed, and schemes are proposed so that MMC contribute to improve the quality of the grid in these situations. The main applications in high voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission along with other medium voltage (MV) and low voltage (LV) applications are included. Finally, the application to offshore wind farms is specifically analyzed.

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Section: Double-sided Ring Arrangementmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The most important drawback is the complex switchgear requirement at the center of the star [55][56][57].…”

Section: Star Arrangementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modular Multilevel Converters: Control and Applications

et al. 2017

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“…Reference [30] compares steady-state performance of various collector system designs by using PSS/E simulation software. It is concluded that a single-side ring arrangement has better performance for large offshore wind system as it achieves fewer losses in both normal and contingency operation.…”

Section: Network With Multi-hub Ring Layoutmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It also offers greater security than the radial system. Economic assessment proposed in [30] shows that ringed designs involve a high investment which is very likely to be a barrier for the deployment of these designs. It is concluded that single-return layout has fewer losses than conceptual ringed options during normal and contingency conditions and has a more competitive cost when compared with the radial option.…”

Section: Network With Multi-hub Ring Layoutmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of DC System Technologies for Large Scale Integration of Wind Energy Systems with Electricity Grids

Shao

Agelidis

2010

Energies

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Abstract:The ever increasing development and availability of power electronic systems is the underpinning technology that enables large scale integration of wind generation plants with the electricity grid. As the size and power capacity of the wind turbine continues to increase, so is the need to place these significantly large structures at off-shore locations. DC grids and associated power transmission technologies provide opportunities for cost reduction and electricity grid impact minimization as the bulk power is concentrated at single point of entry. As a result, planning, optimization and impact can be studied and carefully controlled minimizing the risk of the investment as well as power system stability issues. This paper discusses the key technologies associated with DC grids for offshore wind farm applications.

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“…Some studies only found the optimal electrical interconnection configuration to minimize the total trenching length by utilizing analytical methods. Reference [4] addressed different typical power collecting systems and proposed a new single return loop design to improve the reliability and minimize the cables cost. Dutta and Overbye [5] proposed a clustering-based cable design, different from the typical configurations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simultaneous optimization of electrical interconnection configuration and cable sizing in offshore wind farms

Sedighi

Moradzadeh

Kükrer

et al. 2018

J. Mod. Power Syst. Clean Energy

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Offshore wind farm (OWF) is the largest renewable energy resource. The electrical interconnection cost of OWFs is a considerable fraction of the overall design cost of the farm. In order to minimize the investment and operational costs, this paper proposes an optimization formulation to find the optimal electrical interconnection configuration of wind turbines (WTs), and the optimal cable sizing simultaneously. This simultaneous minimization of total trenching length and cable dimensions creates a complex optimization problem that is solved by the harmony search (HS) algorithm. In this paper, two distinct methods of full and partial optimal cable sizing are considered to comprehensively assess the optimal interconnection layout of OWFs. Furthermore, various shipping and burying costs as well as various WTs power ratings are considered in order to investigate their impact on the optimal electrical interconnection system. The optimal electrical interconnection design obtained by the HS algorithm corresponds to a lower cost that together with the technological developments can help policy makers increase the use of offshore wind energy as a feasible unlimited renewable resource in their energy production portfolios.

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Electrical collector system options for large offshore wind farms

Cited by 120 publications

References 3 publications

Modular Multilevel Converters: Control and Applications

Modular Multilevel Converters: Control and Applications

Review of DC System Technologies for Large Scale Integration of Wind Energy Systems with Electricity Grids

Simultaneous optimization of electrical interconnection configuration and cable sizing in offshore wind farms

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