Electric Current Activation of Sintering: A Review of the Pulsed Electric Current Sintering Process

Abstract

The phenomenal increase during the past decade in research utilizing pulsed electric current to activate sintering is attributed generally to the intrinsic advantages of the method relative to conventional sintering methods and to the observations of the enhanced properties of materials consolidated by this method. This review focuses on the fundamental aspects of the process, discussing the reported observations and simulation studies in terms of the basic aspects of the process and identifying the intrinsic benefits of the use of the parameters of current (and pulsing), pressure, and heating rate. Feature D. J. Green-contributing editor

Enhancement in Ti–6Al–4V sintering via nanostructured powder and spark plasma sintering

“…[36][37][38] In addition, the applied current can enhance sintering via non-thermal effects, such as enhanced defect mobility, point defect generation and electromigration. 39 It is worth pointing out that the improved densification behaviour of SPS over HP has also been reported for commercially pure Ti powder. 40 It has been shown that SPS can result in dense Ti bodies at 730uC, while the same Ti powder would require 950uC to become dense bodies by using HP.…”

Microwave, Spark Plasma and Conventional Sintering to Obtain Controlled Thermal Expansion β‐Eucryptite Materials

“…This high energy induces the formation of sintering neck at an early stage of densification (first sintering step) between adjacent grains [24,25]. This can produce a larger grain size, compared to the microwave technique, in the final stage of sintering.…”

The study of nanoporous ceramics created by spark plasma sintering

“…М.А.Ла вренть ева СО РА Н на ус та новке Sinter Land Labox 1 575. Основным отличием метода SPS от т ра диционного прессова ни я в порошковой мета ллургии является прило жение элек т рическ их импульсов непос ре д ственно к образцу, что способствует быстрому на г реву и сох ра нению мик рос т ру к т у рны х параметров порошка в консолидированном материале [7][8][9][10][11][12].…”