El empleo público en América Latina. Evidencia de las encuestas de hogares

Abstract

RESUMENEste artículo aporta evidencia sobre el empleo público en América Latina durante el periodo 1992-2012, explotando una base de datos estandarizados de las encuestas de hogares de todos los países de la región. Estas encuestas constituyen una buena herramienta por su representatividad nacional, su frecuencia y su amplia cobertura sobre cuestiones de empleo y salarios, tanto en el sector público como en el privado, formal e informal. El trabajo documenta y analiza los cambios en los niveles de empleo y salarios de los empleados públicos latinoamericanos vis-à-vis el resto de los trabajadores. ABSTRACTThis paper provides evidence about the public employment in Latin America during the period 1992-2012, exploiting a standardized database of household surveys from all the countries of the region. These surveys constitute a useful tool because of their national representativeness, their frequency, and their wide coverage about employment and wage issues, both in the public sector as in the private, formal and

Ecuador Public Finance Review

“…Public employment as percentage of total employment in Ecuador is low by international standards, but its wage bill is among the highest. This suggests that public-sector workers have high salaries, something that has been reinforced by previous evidence in the region (Gasparini, 2015). Further analysis of public sector salaries in Ecuador confirms that there is also an important public-sector wage premium.…”

“…Public-sector workers in Ecuador receive higher salaries than comparable workers both in the private sector and in peer countries. Ecuador's relatively high wage bill suggests that public-sector workers have high salaries, something that has been reinforced by previous evidence in the region (Gasparini, 2015). In addition, Ecuador's wage gap between the public and private sector is among the highest in the region.…”

“…Ecuador's average government wage as a share of monthly GDP per capita is 1.8, versus an average of 2.0 across Latin America and the Caribbean. 64 The information shown in this section was taken from the work of Gasparini, et al (2015), in which wages refer only to salary without any additional compensation. 65 The relationship between the average government wage and GDP per capita measures the condition of government employees in relation to living standards (IMF, 2010).…”

“…65 The relationship between the average government wage and GDP per capita measures the condition of government employees in relation to living standards (IMF, 2010). Source: Gasparini, et al, 2015 Source: World Bank staff calculations based on SEDLAC Public sector workers in Ecuador receive higher salaries than comparable workers in the country's private sector and in peer countries. Public employment as percentage of total employment in Ecuador is low by international standards, but its wage bill is among the highest.…”

“…The data presented in Panel A was taken fromGasparini et al (2015), while Panel B considers the last updated data from SEDLAC. Even though there is a data limitation that led to the analysis spanning two different periods, the authors consider that the two data sources contribute to the study, especially to the comparison.…”