Eggshell as a potential CO2 sorbent in the calcium looping gasification of biomass

Salaudeen, Shakirudeen A.; Tasnim, Syeda Humaira; Heidari, Mohammad; Acharya, Bishnu

doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2018.09.027

Cited by 34 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…(1). This explains the change of color of the calcined sample to light white [18,19]. The outcomes of the characterization of the samples by XRD, SEM, TGA/DTG, FTIR, and BET are presented.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 87%

Modification and characterization of chicken eggshell for possible catalytic applications

Awogbemi

Inambao

Onuh

2020

Heliyon

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Researchers have shown considerable interest in finding a sustainable, low cost, and readily available substitute for the commercial calcium oxide (CaO) catalyst. In this work, raw chicken eggshell was modified by boiling and calcination at 900 C for 3 h. The x-ray diffraction characterization revealed that while the proportion of CaCO 3 in the raw and boiled samples was found to be 79.3 % and 99.2 % respectively, the CaCO 3 had been converted to 63.8 % CaO and CO 2 in the calcined sample. This was due to the thermal decomposition during calcination. The outcome of the infrared spectroscopy showed that the raw and boiled chicken eggshell presented a similar absorption profile with peaks at 1 394 cm À1 , 873 cm À1 , and 712 cm À1 , which were as a result of the presence of asymmetric stretch, out-of-plane bend, and in-plane bend vibration modes. The major peaks presented by the calcined sample at 3642 cm À1 can be attributed to the OAH stretching vibration and bending hydroxyl groups present in Ca(OH) 2 . The Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface areas for the raw, boiled and calcined chicken eggshell were found to be 2.33 m 2 /g, 3.26 m 2 /g, and 4.6 m 2 /g respectively, indicating increased catalytic activity of the calcined sample. Overall, boiling was found to have a negligible effect on the chicken eggshell, while hightemperature calcination greatly affected the pore size, surface area, composition, and thermal decomposition profile of the chicken eggshell sample.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 87%

Modification and characterization of chicken eggshell for possible catalytic applications

Awogbemi

Inambao

Onuh

2020

Heliyon

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“…8. When CO2 percent was increased in air, it increased the operating temperature of the gasifier [21]. The operating temperature of the gasifier increased from 790-835K, when CO2 concentration was enhanced in the air.…”

Section: Conversion Of Co2mentioning

confidence: 97%

Simulation of Cotton Stalks for Syngas Generation Using CO2 and Air as Gasifying Agents

Maitlo

Mahar

Brohi

2020

Mehran Univ. res. j. eng. technol.

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Gasification of coal and biomass using CO2 and air mixture as a carrier gas offers an encouraging way to eliminate the shortage of energy and reduce carbon dioxide emissions. In the present study, the EulerianLagrangian approach was applied to understand the thermochemical conversion behavior of feedstock in entrained flow gasifier. Commercial CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) code ANSYS FLUENT®14 was used for the simulation purpose. It was observed that with variation in the CO2 in the air and the CO2 to cotton stalk ratio had a meaningful effect on gasification performance. The different ratios of air and CO2 in varying percentages such as 20% CO2, 30% CO2, 40% CO2, 50% CO2, 60% CO2, 70% CO2 and remaining percentages of air were introduced in entrained flow gasifier. With the increase in CO2 to cotton stalk ratio, the concentration of H2 and CO2 decreased whereas as the concentration of CO improved. It is revealed that mole fraction of CO and CH4 attained maximum when CO2% in the air was 50% and H2 mole fraction was observed maximum at a CO2% in the air was 30%. At 50% CO2 mixture in air, the maximum lower heating value and cold gas efficiency were observed. Therefore, the optimum situation might be 50% percentage CO2 in the gasifying agent for this entrained flow gasifier. Hence an increase in CO and H2, the cold gas efficiency and lower heating value reached the maximum. However, this study provides an appropriate route for energy production using cotton stalks as raw material and will help in designing and operation of the entrained flow reactor. The simulations indicate the thermodynamic limits of gasification and allow for the formulation of the general principles ruling this process. Moreover, no literature is available for the parametric investigations of Pakistani biomass gasification using entrained-flow gasifier. So this is a novel work for Pakistan and will be treated as foundation work for biomass gasification in the country.

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“…The eggshell membrane can be partially carbonized during the calcination process, whereby the obtained carbon can strongly influence the development of the porous network system inappropriate for large organic molecules, such as triacylglycerols. The calcination process is carried out mainly in the muffle furnace in the temperature range between 850 and 950 • C in different atmospheres (N 2 and O 2 both static and flow) (Salaudeen et al, 2018;Lima and Perez-Lopez, 2020), where a complete conversion of carbonate into oxide form can be achieved. Calcination conditions affect the textural properties, especially the specific surface area.…”

Section: Eggshell As a Biodiesel Synthesis Catalystmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, calcination of eggshell in the static oxygen atmosphere did not affect the specific surface area at all. Additionally, the study (Salaudeen et al, 2018) showed that calcination in the flow of carbon-dioxide is very slow and leads to incomplete conversion (max. 21 wt%) of calcium carbonate into calcium oxide due to the increase of CO 2 partial pressure.…”

Section: Eggshell As a Biodiesel Synthesis Catalystmentioning

confidence: 99%

State-of-the-Art of Eggshell Waste in Materials Science: Recent Advances in Catalysis, Pharmaceutical Applications, and Mechanochemistry

Baláž

Болдырева

Rybin

et al. 2021

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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Eggshell waste is among the most abundant waste materials coming from food processing technologies. Despite the unique properties that both its components (eggshell, ES, and eggshell membrane, ESM) possess, it is very often discarded without further use. This review article aims to summarize the recent reports utilizing eggshell waste for very diverse purposes, stressing the need to use a mechanochemical approach to broaden its applications. The most studied field with regards to the potential use of eggshell waste is catalysis. Upon proper treatment, it can be used for turning waste oils into biodiesel and moreover, the catalytic effect of eggshell-based material in organic synthesis is also very beneficial. In inorganic chemistry, the eggshell membrane is very often used as a templating agent for nanoparticles production. Such composites are suitable for application in photocatalysis. These bionanocomposites are also capable of heavy metal ions reduction and can be also used for the ozonation process. The eggshell and its membrane are applicable in electrochemistry as well. Due to the high protein content and the presence of functional groups on the surface, ESM can be easily converted to a high-performance electrode material. Finally, both ES and ESM are suitable for medical applications, as the former can be used as an inexpensive Ca2+ source for the development of medications, particles for drug delivery, organic matrix/mineral nanocomposites as potential tissue scaffolds, food supplements and the latter for the treatment of joint diseases, in reparative medicine and vascular graft producing. For the majority of the above-mentioned applications, the pretreatment of the eggshell waste is necessary. Among other options, the mechanochemical pretreatment has found an inevitable place. Since the publication of the last review paper devoted to the mechanochemical treatment of eggshell waste, a few new works have appeared, which are reviewed here to underline the sustainable character of the proposed methodology. The mechanochemical treatment of eggshell is capable of producing the nanoscale material which can be further used for bioceramics synthesis, dehalogenation processes, wastewater treatment, preparation of hydrophobic filters, lithium-ion batteries, dental materials, and in the building industry as cement.

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Eggshell as a potential CO2 sorbent in the calcium looping gasification of biomass

Cited by 34 publications

References 38 publications

Modification and characterization of chicken eggshell for possible catalytic applications

Modification and characterization of chicken eggshell for possible catalytic applications

Simulation of Cotton Stalks for Syngas Generation Using CO2 and Air as Gasifying Agents

State-of-the-Art of Eggshell Waste in Materials Science: Recent Advances in Catalysis, Pharmaceutical Applications, and Mechanochemistry

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