Egg Parasitoids Commercialization in the New World

Parra, JosE Roberto Postali

doi:10.1007/978-1-4020-9110-0_14

Cited by 18 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…According to Parra (2010), in general, the labor is cheaper in Brazil than in many other countries. One release of T. galloi to control Diatraea saccharalis in sugarcane costs around $14, including labor for release into the field.…”

Section: Yieldmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition to economic competitiveness, environmental benefits obtained from the use of biological control favor the use of the egg parasitoid Trichogramma (Fig. 1), to control S. frugiperda (Parra 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are several reasons for this; many problems must be overcome before the product reaches the end user (Parra 2010). Its efficiency depends on several factors, including the kind, quality and suitability of the biological agent, released number, method and the time of release, and the complex interactions between the parasitoid, the target pest, culture, and environmental conditions (Ables et al 1979;Knutson 1998).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biological control with Trichogramma pretiosum increases organic maize productivity by 19.4%

Figueiredo

Cruz

Silva

et al. 2015

Agron. Sustain. Dev.

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Spodoptera frugiperda is a major pest causing maize yield loss in Brazil. There is therefore a need for control methods, notably for organic farming because classical pesticides are not allowed. A potential solution for organic maize is to apply the biological control agent Trichogramma pretiosum to reduce S. frugiperda populations. Here, we tested the application of one, two, or three releases of T. pretiosum. We measured plant damage ratings, egg masses parasitized, and grain yield. Results show that 79.2 % of egg masses were parasited. Maize yields for parasited plots increased of 701 kg/ha versus control plots. This result equals a 19.4 % gain of productivity and US$96.5 gain per hectare. Therefore, biological control with egg parasitoids is a promising alternative to control S. frugiperda in organic maize.

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Section: Yieldmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biological control with Trichogramma pretiosum increases organic maize productivity by 19.4%

Figueiredo

Cruz

Silva

et al. 2015

Agron. Sustain. Dev.

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“…Because few companies are presently marketing BC agents in Brazil, adequate quantities of natural enemies are available for sugarcane only, because mills that produce sugar and ethanol have their own natural enemy production laboratories. However, nowadays most BC agents are produced by private companies specialized in controlling sugarcane pests (Parra, 2010b).…”

Section: Final Remarksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological control in Brazil: An overview

Parra

2016

2016 International Congress of Entomology

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The use of Biological Control methods is on the increase, mainly as a result of the mobilization of human resources in entomology studies since the establishment of graduate programs in this country in the 1960s. This review approaches the retrospective of Biological Control in Brazil in recent decades, with an emphasis on the "culture of applying agrochemicals" adopted by Brazilian growers, which constrains progress in this area. Successful cases of Biological Control have been reported on in Brazil and there are, in fact, excellent programs in place that use insects or entomopathogenic microrganisms for insect pest control. Most of the studies in this area have been published in Portuguese and are, therefore, not readily available internationally. Importantly, half of the planted sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum), around four million hectares, is treated with natural enemies (insects) and/or pathogens. In contrast to other countries that employ Biological Control in small areas, the challenge in Brazil is to implement programs in large farms. Many obstacles must be overcome and discussed in working groups so that we can assume a world leadership position in the use of Biological Control in tropical regions as Brazil is already considered the leader in tropical agriculture. In this review, use of Biological Control is discussed within the Integrated Pest Management philosophy, as a path toward sustainable agriculture that is in harmony with other pest control methods. We must develop a technology of Biological Control adapted to tropical regions, rather than copying models developed for temperate regions, which are usually inappropriate for Brazilian conditions.

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“…Currently, in Brazil, an area of 500,000 ha of sugarcane has been treated with Trichogramma galloi Zucchi, 1988, for the control of Diatraea saccharalis. (Fabr 1794) (Parra 2010). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Carbon dioxide (CO2) on mortality and reproduction of Anagasta kuehniella (Zeller 1879), in mass rearing, aiming at the production of Trichogramma spp.

Coelho

Parra

2013

An. Acad. Bras. Ciênc.

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Eggs of Anagasta kuehniella (Zeller 1879) are widely used for mass rearing ofAnagasta kuehniella (Zeller 1879) are widely used for mass rearing of Anagasta kuehniella Trichogramma spp. and other Trichogramma spp. and other Trichogramma parasitoids and predators, largely commercialized in many countries. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) originated from larval metabolism on the biological parameters of A. kuehniella. For that purpose, we assess the production of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) per rearing tray of A. kuehniella and the A. kuehniella and the A. kuehniella effect of CO 2 on the viability of egg-to-adult period and oviposition of A. kuehniella. Results allow to estimate that a rearing tray, containing 10,000 larvae between the 4 th and 5 th and 5 th th instars, produces an average of 30.67 mL th instars, produces an average of 30.67 mL th of CO 2 per hour. The highest egg production of A. kuehniella was obtained when the larvae were kept in rooms A. kuehniella was obtained when the larvae were kept in rooms A. kuehniella with lower concentration of CO 2 (1,200 parts per million -ppm), producing 23% more eggs than in rooms with higher CO 2 concentrations. In rooms with high density of trays (70 trays/room), CO 2 concentration exceeded 4,400 ppm. The viability of the egg-to-adult period was not infl uenced by carbon dioxide.

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Egg Parasitoids Commercialization in the New World

Cited by 18 publications

References 23 publications

Biological control with Trichogramma pretiosum increases organic maize productivity by 19.4%

Biological control with Trichogramma pretiosum increases organic maize productivity by 19.4%

Biological control in Brazil: An overview

Effect of Carbon dioxide (CO2) on mortality and reproduction of Anagasta kuehniella (Zeller 1879), in mass rearing, aiming at the production of Trichogramma spp.

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