Eficiência de espécies de adubos verdes sobre a população do nematoide reniforme

Abstract

ResumoO objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar o cultivo de plantas melhoradoras de solo na população de Rotylenchulus reniformis em solo naturalmente infestado. Foram avaliadas 6 espécies de plantas de inverno, 13 espécies de verão e um tratamento em pousio, em condições de casa de vegetação. Após 60 dias, o sistema radicular foi coletado e uma amostra de solo correspondente a cada tratamento foi coletada para extração dos juvenis e quantificação da população do nematoide em cada vaso determinando-seo fator de reprodução (FR). O pousio e as espécies de adubos verdes de inverno, exceto a ervilhaca peluda, diminuíram a população de R. reniformis , comparando com a testemunha. Em relação às plantas de verão, observou-se que o sorgo 'SI03204' (Sorghum vulgare), o milheto 'BRS1501' (Pennisetum glaucum), a Brachiaria ruziziensis, o capim pé de galinha gigante (Eleusine coracana), o estilosante 'Campo Grande' (Stylosanthes capitata x S. macrocephala), o amendoim 'IAC Tatu ST' (Arachis hypogaea) e a mucuna anã (Mucuna deeringiana) diminuíram a população de R. reniformis, quando comparadas à testemunha, podendo ser usadas no manejo deste nematoide. Palavras-chave: Rotylenchulus reniformis, manejo sustentável, sucessão de culturas, rotação de culturas AbstractThe objective of this study was to evaluate the growing of soil improving crops on the population of Rotylenchulus reniformis in naturally infested soil. It was evaluated the effect of 6 species of plants as cover crops in winter and 13 summer species and a fallow treatment on the nematode population under greenhouse. After 60 days, the root system was collected. Then, a sample of soil was taken in order to extract juveniles from the soil and quantification the final population of the pathogen in each pot for determining of the reproduction factor (RF). Fallow and all winter species of green manure, except hairy vetch, reduced the population of R. reniformis after cultivation in infested soil, in comparison to the control. Regarding summer cover crops, it was observed that sorghum 'SI03204' (Sorghum vulgare), millet 'BRS1501' (Pennisetum glaucum), Brachiaria ruziziensis, finger millet (Eleusine coracana), estylo 'Campo Grande' (Stylosanthes capitata x S. macrocephala), peanut 'IAC Tatu ST' (Arachis hypogaea) and dwarf velvet bean (Mucuna deeringiana) reduced the population of R. reniformis, when compared to the control, could be used in the management of this nematode.

Penetration and Reproduction of Meloidogyne javanica on Leguminous Crops

“…Stylosanthes capitata has also shown potential to control nematodes such as M. javanica (Sharma 1984), P. brachyurus (Carvalho et al 2010;Vedoveto et al 2013), P. zeae (Obici et al 2011) and R. reniformis (Gardiano et al 2014). In this study, besides the low penetration rate, the plant also showed low values for nematodes per gram of root and, particularly, for the total number of nematodes after 60 days of cultivation.…”

“…However, it should be noted that C. cajan is a plant with controversial antagonist properties, especially due to the variable behaviours of the different cultivars in response to nematodes (Inomoto et al 2006;Ara ujo Filho et al 2010). Moreover, the use of the cultivar in areas of cultivation with mixed populations of nematodes should be avoided because the cultivar is moderately susceptible to Pratylenchus brachyurus (Godfrey) Filipjev and Schuurmans Stekhoven (Machado et al 2007) and susceptible to Rotylenchulus reniformis Linford and Oliveira (Gardiano et al 2014).…”

“…Mucuna deeringiana is reported to be effective in the reduction of economically important nematodes, such as root-knot nematodes (Ferraz et al 2003;Lima et al 2009), cyst nematodes (Rodriguez-K abana et al 1992), root lesion nematodes (Sharma et al 1982) and R. reniformis (Gardiano et al 2014). Nevertheless, the results obtained for the management of nematodes with the use of velvet bean species are not always satisfactory (McSorley and Gallaher 1992;Machado et al 2007).…”

Antagonistic Effects of Java against Plant Parasitic Nematodes

“…Despite the scarcity of studies about R. reniformis antagonistic plants, there are reports about some species able to control it, namely: stylosanthes 'Campo Grande' (Stylosanthes capitata × S. macrocephala M. B. Ferreira & N. M. Sousa Costa), peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) and velvet bean (Mucuna deeringiana (Bort.) Merr); which were able to reduce the final parasite population in the field (Gardiano et al, 2014). Some crotalaria species are also cited as resistant to R. reniformis, since they present RF < 1 (Silva et al, 1989c;Leandro & Asmus, 2015).…”

REAÇÃO DE CULTIVARES DE SORGO SACARINO A Meloidogyne javanica, Rotylenchulus reniformis E Pratylenchus brachyurus

“…Ao avaliarem a eficiência de seis adubos verdes de inverno e treze de verão sobre a população de R. reniformis em solo naturalmente infestado,Gardiano et al (2014) observaram que o cultivo de sorgo da cultivar 'SI03204' propiciou a redução da população do nematoide no solo (FR=0,73). Embora com base em número reduzido de experimentos, os resultados de reação de sorgo a R. reniformis, incluindo-se as…”