Eficiência de biofertilizantes de rochas com Acidithiobacillus em melão, no Vale do São Francisco

Abstract

Eficiência de biofertilizantes de rochas com Acidithiobacillus em melão, no Vale do São Francisco RESUMOBiofertilizantes de rochas fosfatada (RP) e potássica (RK), com enxofre inoculado com Acidithiobacillus (S+Ac) foram comparados com o superfosfato triplo (SFT) e cloreto de potássio (KCl) no melão, em um Argissolo do Vale do São Francisco. Usou-se o fatorial 3 2 +3, em blocos casualizados, com biofertilizante fosfatado (BP) e potássico (BK) nos níveis 50, 100 e 200% da recomendação para SFT e KCl. Tratamentos adicionais: a) (RP+RK+S-Ac); b) SFT+KCl, no nível recomendado, e c) controle sem P e K. Houve efeito da fertilização com P e K no peso médio de frutos, produtividade, e nutrientes nas folhas, sendo os melhores resultados com aplicação de SFT+KCl, RP+RK+S-Ac., e com biofertilizantes (BK) e (BP). Para P, K e Mg nas folhas, os melhores resultados ocorreram com BP 200 e RP+RK+S-Ac.. O SO -4 nas folhas foi mais elevado com biofertilizantes BK e mais reduzido no controle. Biomassa de folhas, brix, vitamina C, firmeza de polpa e ATT não responderam à fertilização com P e K. Os Biofertilizantes BP+BK+S+Ac., e as rochas RP+RK+S-Ac. mostraram potencial como alternativa aos fertilizantes minerais com P e K. Palavras-chave:Cucumis melo, absorção de P e K, fertilização PK, oxidação do enxofre Effectiveness of rock biofertilizers with sulfur and Acidithiobacillus on melon in the San Francisco Valley ABSTRACTBiofertilizers with phosphate rock (PR) and potash rock (KR) plus sulfur and Acidithiobacillus (S+Ac) were compared with triple superphosphate (TSP) and potassium chloride (KCl) fertilizers on melon in an Argisol of the San Francisco Valley. A factorial 3 2 +3 in randomized blocks design with phosphate biofertilizer (PB) and potassium biofertilizer (KB) applied in levels 50%, 100% and 200% based on recommendation to TSP and KCl. Additional treatments were: a) rocks (PR+KR+S-Ac), b) fertilizers (TSP+KCl) and c) control treatment (P 0 K 0 ). Response of P and K fertilization on fruit weight, fruit yield, and nutrient in leaves were observed with best results obtained applying TSP+KCl, PR+KR+S-Ac and PB and KB. Total P, K and Mg in leaves showed best results when applied P biofertilizer in PB 200 and PR+KR+S-Ac. Uptake of SO 4 -in leaves increased with BK biofertilizers and lowest results were obtained in the control treatment. No effects of PK fertilization were observed in biomass of leaves, brix, vitamin C , fruit texture and ATT. Biofertilizers BP and BK with S+Ac and P and K rocks with S-Ac may be used as alternative to P and K fertilizers.

Plant and soil characteristics affected by biofertilizers from rocks and organic matter inoculated with diazotrophic bacteria and fungi that produce chitosan

“…This effect was likely due to the addition of ammonium sulfate (N mineral fertilizer), which can increase acidity, as described by Chien et al (2008) and Stamford et al (2008). The NPKB biofertilizer is produced with earthworm compound with very high pH (7.9), which helps to control the acidity of the PK rock biofertilizer, as observed by Moura et al (2007) Lima et al (2007).…”

“…Therefore, it is necessary to use organic matter with high pH to control the acidic effects of rock biofertilizers (Lima et al, 2010). Studies carried out in tableland soil from the Brazilian Northeast reported that sulfur inoculated with Acidithiobacillus is a promising material for soil fertilization because it releases P and K from rock minerals, which reduces the nutrient deficiency of acidic soils used to grow different crops (Stamford et al, 2008, Lima et al, 2007, Moura et al, 2007.…”

“…However, recent studies suggest the potential use of rock biofertilizers from phosphorus-and potassiumbearing rocks and minerals as alternatives to synthetic fertilizers. Moura et al (2007) and Stamford et al (2007Stamford et al ( , 2008 evaluated the effects of these alternative materials on different economic crops and soils. However, the phosphorus-and potassium-bearing rocks contain no N, and thus, they do not supply N for improved plant development and yield.…”

Biofertilizers and performance of Paenibacillus in the absorption of macronutrients by cowpea bean and soil fertility

“…These increments in dry weight may be associated with direct mechanisms for the production of growth hormones (gibberellins, auxins), increased availability of iron and/or indirect effects as biocontrol, antibiotic production and competition for nutrients, as reported by Lal & Tabacchioni (2009). Moura et al (2007) working with fertilization of melon found no difference (p < 0.05) among treatments, but there was a better result for the biofertilizer at the highest level (BP200) and the mixture of rocks (RP + RK) in double the recommended dose for chemical fertilizer plus sulfur. The same was reported by Stamford et al, (2004) working with cowpea bean inoculated with Rhizobium.…”

Oxidação microbiológica do enxofre elementar no solo

“…Newton Stanford, da Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, gerando várias publicações e recomendações para diversas culturas como a caupí, cana-de-açúcar, videiras e meloeiros (STAMFORD et al, 2003;STAMFORD et al, 2007;STAMFORD et al, 2008;MOURA et al, 2007 (FRENEY, 1967). Para que haja uma grande eficiência na utilização do S 0 como fertilizante é necessária a aplicação de partículas de tamanho entre 80-1000 mesh ou menores (WAINWRIGHT, 1984).…”