Efficient Three-Dimensional DNA Nanomachine Guided by a Robust Tetrahedral DNA Nanoarray Structure for the Rapid and Ultrasensitive Electrochemical Detection of Matrix Metalloproteinase 2

Thermodynamic Allosteric Switch-Actuated 3D DNA Nanomachine for Ultrasensitive Electrochemical/Fluorescent Dual-Mode Biosensing of a Transcription Factor

“…DNA nanomachine − is a fantastically sensitive nucleic acid amplification tool , that can be programmed to execute mechanical operations following the Watson–Crick base pairing principle, holding great promise in biosensing thanks to their prominent predictability, tailorability, and locomotion. − Especially for three-dimensional (3D) DNA nanomachines, the high surface area and spatial utilization of 3D nanoparticles provide high DNA enrichment capacities, thereby endowing 3D DNA nanomachines with high operating efficiencies and signal amplification performance. , Nevertheless, there are few attempts to incorporate DNA nanomachines as a signal amplification approach for TF detection, and the stumbling block is the lack of suitable activators. Drawing inspiration from the fascinating structure-switching characteristics of TF-dsDNA, it is conceivable that TF-induced thermodynamic allosteric switches may be promising activators for designing DNA nanomachines.…”

Ultrahigh-Speed 3D DNA Walker with Dual Self-Protected DNAzymes for Ultrasensitive Fluorescence Detection and Intracellular Imaging of microRNA

“…As one of the most promising artificial DNA molecular nanomachines, the DNA walkers have shown significant advantages in terms of programmability in functionality and structure due to the ability to walk automatically along a predetermined trajectory with the help of the driving force. − Among them, 3D DNA walkers have superior performance in rate and efficiency of movement as a result of the larger localized concentration of substrate DNA and freer oscillating modes of swing arms compared with 1D DNA walkers. − and 2D DNA walkers, − so they are widely used for the rapid detection of low-abundance biomarkers. − In addition, owing to the vulnerability of protein enzymes to complex microenvironments in vivo , the DNAzyme-mediated amplification reaction, as a classical nonprotein signal amplification method that can bind and cleave specific substrates with the aid of cofactors, holds an extensive application in intracellular analyte detection. − Given the advantages of 3D DNA walkers and DNAzymes, DNAzyme-based 3D DNA walkers are often applied to the detection of miRNAs in vivo , − a kind of biomarker with extremely low abundance in living cells. − However, researchers barely considered the possibility of intracellular degradation of DNAzymes and tend to employ the inefficient initiation method of one target miRNA initiating one swing arm to walk, correspondingly leading to poor stability and insufficient walking rates of the designed DNA walker. − In addition, conventional DNAzyme-based 3D DNA walkers are almost confronted with a limited movement area owing to the length constraint of swing arms and probable derailment caused by random collisions of the walking arms and the substrates, resulting in limited signal amplification . Therefore, a DNAzyme-based 3D DNA walker capable of efficient initiation, high stability, high-speed walking, and large signal accumulation urgently needs to be developed.…”

A universal electrochemical biosensor based on CRISPR/Cas12a and a DNA tetrahedron for ultrasensitive nucleic acid detection

“…Based on their superior performance, probes based on TDNs have found extensive application in the detection of nucleic acid and non-nucleic acid targets together with electrochemical methods. 15,16…”