Efficient non-noble Ni–Cu based catalysts for the valorization of palmitic acid through a decarboxylation reaction

Abstract

The synergistic effect Ni–Cu in the bimetallic catalyst Ni–Cu/C improved the stability and reduction temperature as well as enhanced the catalytic activity for the decarboxylation of palmitic acid.

Advanced Carbon‐Based Nanocatalysts and their Application in Catalytic Conversion of Renewable Platform Molecules

“…In addition, the newly added metal may affect the reduction state of another metal, resulting in completely different active components of the catalyst [49,80,81,89,96,97,101] . For example, Kim and co‐workers found that when Pd was added to Cu, the H 2 consumption peaks of Cu shifted to lower reduction temperature, which revealed that the synergistic interaction between Cu and Pd enhanced the reducibility of the Cu species [49] .…”

“…The charge transfer of bimetallic catalysts will affect the electron density of metal surface, forming an electron deficient state of one metal and an electron rich state of another metal, thus affecting the adsorption and subsequent activation of substrate molecules [82,87,91,96,97,106] …”

“…Wojcieszak and co-workers revealed the more Ni 0 on the NiÀ Cu/ C surface, the more conducive to the electrons transfer from Ni to Cu, and the high performance of the HDO of palmitic acid to n-pentadecane was related to elevate the valence state of Ni, keeping Cu close to the metallic state (Table 4, entry 18). [97] Among the bimetallic catalysts, in addition to generating new active sites and charge transfer, the synergistic effect can also promote the dispersion of bimetallic particles and reduce their size. [79,88,92,99,100] For example, the strong interaction between Pd and Au could improve dispersion and reduce the size of both Pd and Au particles, which greatly enhanced the catalytic efficiency of the catalyst (Table 4, entry 7).…”

“…Compared with single metal catalysts, bimetallic catalysts have unique synergistic effect, which may improve the activity and stability of catalysts. [84,86,88,90,[93][94][95]99,[101][102][103][104] The main synergistic effect of bimetallic catalysts is to enable the generation of new reaction sites [77][78][79]83,85,[96][97][98]105] and promote charge transfer. [87,91,96,97,106] The active sites can be geometrically and electronically modified by the above effects, and ultimately regulate their catalytic properties.…”

“…In addition, the newly added metal may affect the reduction state of another metal, resulting in completely different active components of the catalyst. [49,80,81,89,96,97,101] For example, Kim and co-workers found that when Pd was added to Cu, the H 2 consumption peaks of Cu shifted to lower reduction temperature, which revealed that the synergistic interaction between Cu and Pd enhanced the reducibility of the Cu species. [49] Lercher and co-workers fabricated a series of monometallic Ni, Fe, and bimetallic NiÀ Fe catalysts supported on mesoporous carbon spheres (MCSs), which possessed a well-defined spherical morphology (Figure 4a).…”