Efficient directional spontaneous emission from an InGaAs/InP heterostructure with an integral parabolic reflector

Gfroerer, T. H.; Cornell, Eric A.; Wanlass, M. W.

doi:10.1063/1.368790

Cited by 26 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 9 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…This effect limits the possibility of laser cooling of rare-earth-doped solids at temperatures below about 50 K. In principle this limit does not exist for laser cooling of semiconductors whose electrons and holes are indistinguishable and which thus obey Fermi-Dirac statistics. The feasibility of laser cooling in semiconductors has been extensively investigated both theoretically [17,[51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61] and experimentally [61][62][63][64][65][66][67][68][69]; however, no net temperature reduction has been observed yet. This failure is due to stringent purity requirements, complications associated with inefficient light extraction from the high-refractive-index substrate (η e < 0.2 for nearly index-matched dome [17,66]), and many-body effects such as a carrier-density-dependent quantum efficiency.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cryogenic optical refrigeration

et al. 2012

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Doc. ID 157833)We review the field of laser cooling of solids, focusing our attention on the recent advances in cryogenic cooling of an ytterbium-doped fluoride crystal (Yb 3+ :YLiF 4 ). Recently, bulk cooling in this material to 155 K has been observed upon excitation near the lowest-energy (E4-E5) crystal-field resonance of Yb 3+ . Furthermore, local cooling in the same material to a minimum achievable temperature of 110 K has been measured, in agreement with the predictions of the laser cooling model. This value is limited only by the current material purity. Advanced material synthesis approaches reviewed here would allow reaching temperatures approaching 80 K. Current results and projected improvements position optical refrigeration as the only viable all-solid-state cooling approach for cryogenic temperatures.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cryogenic optical refrigeration

et al. 2012

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Laser cooling of semiconductors has been examined theoretically [15,44,45,[47][48][49][50][51][52] as well as in experimental studies [46,[53][54][55][56]. A feasibility study by the authors outlined the conditions for net cooling based on fundamental material properties and light management [15].…”

Section: Prospects For Laser Cooling In Semiconductorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laser cooling of solids

Sheik‐Bahae¹,

Epstein

2009

Laser & Photonics Reviews

119

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We present an overview of solid-state optical refrigeration also known as laser cooling in solids by fluorescence upconversion. The idea of cooling a solid-state optical material by simply shining a laser beam onto it may sound counter intuitive but is rapidly becoming a promising technology for future cryocoolers. We chart the evolution of this science in rare-earth doped solids and semiconductors.Measured cooling efficiency as a function of the pump laser wavelength for a 1.2% Tm +3 doped BaY2F8 crystal at room temperature. The solid line is calculated using the absorption spectrum [30].

show abstract

“…This approach can give higher measurement accuracy as EQE approaches unity. Gfroerer et al used this principle to measure an EQE as high as 63% with an InP/InGaAs heterostructure [6]. Luminescence was collected in tandem with sample temperature using a thermistor as a function of excitation power.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Accurate measurement of external quantum efficiency in semiconductors

Wang

Sheik‐Bahae²,

Cederberg³

et al. 2013

SPIE Proceedings

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The state of current research in laser cooling of semiconductors is reviewed. Record external quantum efficiency (99.5%) is obtained for a GaAs/InGaP heterostructure bonded to a dome lens at 100 K by All-optical Scanning Laser Calorimetry (ASLC). Pulsed-Power-dependent photoluminescence measurement (Pulsed-PDPL) is proved to be an efficient way to determine the quantum efficiency and screen the sample quality before processing and fabrication. Second harmonic generation (767nm) from a 5ns Er:YAG laser is used as the pump source for the pulsed-PDPL experiment. . Keywords: External quantum efficiency, Laser cooling of semiconductor, photoluminescenceExternal quantum efficiency (EQE or η ext ) is an important parameter that characterizes many photonic devices [1]. It is widely used to evaluate light emitting diodes, photovoltaics, semiconductor lasers, and emerging technology such as laser-induced refrigeration of solids [2][3]. The essential idea is to have a single coefficient that accounts for both the efficiency of the photon-electron conversion process (internal quantum efficiency) and the efficiency of moving light into and/or out of the device (coupling efficiency). Internal quantum efficiency is deleteriously affected when electronic excitations lose energy through the production of heat. This non-radiative recombination can be mediated by phonons, interfaces, surfaces, dislocations, defects, and even other charge carriers. The light coupling efficiency is driven by Fresnel reflection and the condition of total internal reflection. This leads to photon recycling and the concomitant production of wasteful heat due to the presence of parasitic background absorption. It is often difficult to model or even anticipate how the various disparate mechanisms degrade performance. Instead, empirical data should guide device development. It is therefore crucial to have in place an experimental scheme for precision measurement of efficiency. This allows such problems to be identified and addressed systematically.

show abstract

Efficient directional spontaneous emission from an InGaAs/InP heterostructure with an integral parabolic reflector

Cited by 26 publications

References 9 publications

Cryogenic optical refrigeration

Cryogenic optical refrigeration

Laser cooling of solids

Accurate measurement of external quantum efficiency in semiconductors

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About