Efficient Detection and Imaging of Moving Targets in SAR Images Based on Chirp Scaling

Cristallini, Diego; Pastina, Debora; Colone, Fabiola; Lombardo, P.

doi:10.1109/tgrs.2012.2210556

Cited by 69 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 30 publications

(49 reference statements)

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“…A complete processing chain has been implemented integrating a MFB (based on a RD processor) with the different GMTI techniques, similar to [19], [34]. Each filter performs an adaptive SAR processing, at both range cell migration correction (RCMC) and azimuth focusing steps, for a specific set of kinematic parameters (v z , a z and v x ), trying to recover a well focused moving object.…”

Section: B Sar Data Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Performance Evaluation of SAR-GMTI Missions for Maritime Applications

Makhoul

Broquetas

Rodon

et al. 2015

IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing

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Abstract-This paper proposes a new optimized multichannel synthetic aperture radar (SAR) configuration, based on receiving antennas with non-uniformly displaced phase centers, intended for ground moving target indication (GMTI) applications over maritime scenarios. This system is compared with current SAR missions, such as TerraSAR-X (TSX) or TanDEM-X (TDX). The GMTI capabilities of the different configurations are analyzed in a two-level performance approach. First, an intensive numerical simulation evaluation, based on Monte Carlo (MC) trials, is carried out in order to characterize the probabilities of detection under different system parameters as well as scenario conditions. Different GMTI techniques, displaced phase center antenna (DPCA), along-track interferometry (ATI) and extended displaced phase center antenna (EDPCA), are assessed. In a second step, synthetic simulated SAR data, obtained in a study case scenario, is used to demonstrate the potential improvement of the proposed multichannel configuration compared to current SAR missions, providing subclutter visibility for maritime surveillance of small and slowly moving boats.Index Terms-Synthetic aperture radar (SAR), ground moving target indication (GMTI), displaced phase center antenna (DPCA), along-track interferometry (ATI), extended DPCA (ED-PCA), constant false alarm rate (CFAR) detector, Monte Carlo (MC) simulations, SAR raw data simulation.

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Section: B Sar Data Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Performance Evaluation of SAR-GMTI Missions for Maritime Applications

Makhoul

Broquetas

Rodon

et al. 2015

IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing

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show abstract

“…Many studies investigate the properties of signature smears in SAR imagery, which often arise from such moving targets within the scene. In particular, a number of researchers [1][2][3][4] investigate the general features of mover smears. Other researchers [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17] examine the detection and focusing of moving target signatures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insights into the complicated SAR signature shapes induced by braking targets

Garren

2018

Algorithms for Synthetic Aperture Radar Imagery XXV

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This investigation considers the shapes of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imagery signature smears that are caused by surface targets that perform braking maneuvers during the SAR collection time. It is known that such maneuvering target signatures can have a wide variety of two-dimensional (2D) shapes, as opposed to the simpler parabolic signatures that are induced by constant velocity targets. The current paper examines the theoretical properties of these 2D signature shapes for cases in which the specific parameters of the target braking maneuver temporal profile are varied, including the rate at which the target decreases speed, the total amount of speed change, and the speed transition time within the SAR collection interval. Furthermore, the current investigation yields new insights regarding the complicated SAR signature shapes that are indicative of targets undergoing such braking maneuvers. This analysis reveals that the SAR signature for a given braking target is effectively a composite of three curved smear portions. One portion is a part of a parabola that is obtained from the constant-velocity target motion at the initial SAR collection time. Next, the second portion is that of a part of a different parabola that is generated from the final constant target velocity segment during the SAR collection interval. The third curved portion of the full moving target signature forms a connection between the parts of the two parabolas that are due to the initial and final constant velocity segments of the full target motion during the SAR measurement interval.

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“…[1][2][3][4] In addition, there have also been other investigations of the properties of moving target smears. For example, some researchers have attempted to improve the detection of such targets via the use of focusing methods.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Implications of SAR ambiguities in estimating the motion of slow targets

Garren

2017

SPIE Proceedings

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This paper examines the implications pertaining to the problem of attempting to invert synthetic aperture radar (SAR) measurement data to yield unique estimates of the underlying motion of slow targets in the imaged scene. A recent analysis has demonstrated that ambiguities exist in estimating the kinematics parameters of surface targets for general bistatic SAR collection data. In particular, a procedure has been developed which generates alternate target trajectories which give the same SAR measurements as that of the true target motion. The current paper extends the earlier analysis by generating specific numeric examples of alternate target trajectories corresponding to the motion of a given slowly moving target. This slow-target case reveals the counter-intuitive result that a single SAR collection data set can be generated by target trajectories with significantly different, and possibly opposing, heading directions. For example, the true motion of a given target can be moving towards the mean radar position during the SAR collection interval, whereas a valid alternate trajectory can correspond to a target that is moving away from the radar. The present analysis demonstrates the extent of the challenges associated with attempting to estimate of the underlying motion of targets using SAR measurement data.

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Efficient Detection and Imaging of Moving Targets in SAR Images Based on Chirp Scaling

Cited by 69 publications

References 30 publications

A Performance Evaluation of SAR-GMTI Missions for Maritime Applications

A Performance Evaluation of SAR-GMTI Missions for Maritime Applications

Insights into the complicated SAR signature shapes induced by braking targets

Implications of SAR ambiguities in estimating the motion of slow targets

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