Abstract-This paper proposes a new optimized multichannel synthetic aperture radar (SAR) configuration, based on receiving antennas with non-uniformly displaced phase centers, intended for ground moving target indication (GMTI) applications over maritime scenarios. This system is compared with current SAR missions, such as TerraSAR-X (TSX) or TanDEM-X (TDX). The GMTI capabilities of the different configurations are analyzed in a two-level performance approach. First, an intensive numerical simulation evaluation, based on Monte Carlo (MC) trials, is carried out in order to characterize the probabilities of detection under different system parameters as well as scenario conditions. Different GMTI techniques, displaced phase center antenna (DPCA), along-track interferometry (ATI) and extended displaced phase center antenna (EDPCA), are assessed. In a second step, synthetic simulated SAR data, obtained in a study case scenario, is used to demonstrate the potential improvement of the proposed multichannel configuration compared to current SAR missions, providing subclutter visibility for maritime surveillance of small and slowly moving boats.Index Terms-Synthetic aperture radar (SAR), ground moving target indication (GMTI), displaced phase center antenna (DPCA), along-track interferometry (ATI), extended DPCA (ED-PCA), constant false alarm rate (CFAR) detector, Monte Carlo (MC) simulations, SAR raw data simulation.
In this paper, a geosynchronous synthetic aperture radar (SAR) (GEOSAR) mission for atmospheric phase screen (APS) retrieval using a long coherent integration of pulses is analyzed. The nearly fixed position of the geosynchronous platforms makes GEOSAR systems suitable for continuous monitoring applications. However, using moderate transmitted powers and antenna sizes, very long integration times up to hours are required. In GEOSAR, the two-way propagation of radar signals can decorrelate significantly due to atmospheric changes during the long data take, resulting in an APS which can cause image defocusing and artifacts. In this paper, the APS effects are analyzed, and an APS correction algorithm from short-term periodic acquisitions (subapertures) of the whole long-term GEOSAR synthetic aperture is described. The results obtained from the APS retrieval algorithm in a simulated GEOSAR acquisition affected by atmospheric decorrelation are presented. Finally, an experimental test of the APS algorithm performance with a long-integration ground-based SAR acquisition is shown
This paper presents an evaluation of a post-Doppler spacetime\ud
adaptive Processing (STAP) technique for non-uniformly\ud
displaced phase center receivers synthetic aperture radar\ud
(SAR). Both theoretical and simulation analysis are carried\ud
out in order to prove the ground moving target indication\ud
(GMTI) capabilities for specific non-uniformly spaced multichannel\ud
configurations on-board a single satellite platform.\ud
Simulated SAR data in the maritime scenario show improved\ud
performance, specially for small and slow targets, compared\ud
to current SAR missions, equipped with just two channels.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version
In this paper, the feasibility of a geosynchronous satellite for Synthetic Aperture Radar applications is assessed. The nearly fixed position of geosynchronous satellites offers new features to SAR acquisition such as the continuous monitoring of wide areas with short revisit times. A monostatic dedicated mission, working with moderated antenna sizes and transmitted powers with long integration time (several hours), is firstly presented and the main SAR parameters (PRF selection, power budget, ambiguities) analyzed. The system Point Spread Function is obtained from simulated raw data showing the system spatial resolution in a realistic orbital configuration.
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